Chapter 15: Infection

Chapter 15: Infection

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. To educate patients on health promotion measures to minimize the effect of normal age-related changes in immunity, the geriatric nurse:

ANS:  D

The skin is the largest immunologically active system of the body and the body’s first line of defense. With aging, the skin becomes more fragile and susceptible to breakdown or abrasion, thus negatively impacting the natural defenses. A yearly flu vaccination is important, but is too narrow in scope to be the best answer. Using antibiotics for current infections is not health promotion. Lab work is used after infection is present or suspected.

DIF:    Understanding (Comprehension)      REF:   Page 271        OBJ:   15-6

2. An older adult patient who is generally in good health starts experiencing numerous colds and now pneumonia. What factor from the nursing history most likely has placed the patient at increased risk for the development of these infections?

ANS:  A

Psychosocial factors may impact the immune status. These factors include chronic and acute stress, depression, bereavement, and social relationships. The other factors would not increase the patient’s risk for infection.

DIF:    Remembering (Knowledge)             REF:   Page 272        OBJ:   15-3

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Physiologic Integrity

3. An older patient smoked tobacco most of the adult life. When planning health promotion education for this patient, the nurse includes information that such smoking:

ANS:  B

Although the major host factor associated with community-acquired pneumonia is advanced age, smoking, alcohol abuse, chronic lung disease, recent history of viral upper respiratory tract infection, and neurologic disease are other contributing factors.

DIF:    Remembering (Knowledge)             REF:   Page 273        OBJ:   15-4

TOP:   Teaching-Learning                          MSC:  Physiologic Integrity

4. An older adult patient is experiencing problems with chewing while recovering from extensive oral surgery. The nurse best affects this patient’s risk for infection by:

ANS:  D

Nutritional supplements for a patient with an eating disorder or dysfunction can decrease the patient’s susceptibility to infection by providing protein. The patient still may not be able to chew a mechanically soft diet. Oral care will help but will not decrease the problem. The patient needs protein, and it is best made available as a drink because of the chewing problems.

DIF:    Applying (Application)                    REF:   N/A                OBJ:   15-6

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Physiologic Integrity

5. The nurse caring for a cognitively impaired older adult admitted to an acute care facility best minimizes this particular patient’s risk for developing a nosocomial infection by:

ANS:  C

Poor nutrition can contribute to a patient’s risks for developing a nosocomial infection, particularly among the older immunocompromised population. Many of the cognitively impaired older adults are already malnourished, so improving nutrition is a priority. Hand washing should occur before and after patient contact. A private room is not necessary. Screening visitors is not the best option; good nutrition will improve the patient’s immune status, although obviously ill visitors should not visit.

DIF:    Applying (Application)                    REF:   N/A                OBJ:   15-2

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation          MSC:   Physiologic Integrity