Chapter 15: Infusion Therapy

Chapter 15: Infusion Therapy

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Before the administration of intravenous fluid, it is most important for the nurse to obtain which information from the health care provider’s orders?

a.	Intravenous catheter size
b.	Osmolarity of the solution
c.	Vein to be used for therapy
d.	Specific type of IV fluid

 

 

ANS:  D

An order for infusion therapy must contain the following to be complete: specific type of fluid, rate of administration, and drugs added to the solution. Osmolarity of the solution is not necessary because it is incorporated into the specific type of fluid. It is the nurse’s independent decision about the most appropriate vein to cannulate and the catheter size to use.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension/Understanding               REF:   p. 212

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment (Safety and Infection Control—Error Prevention)                                 MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Assessment)

 

2. Which IV order does the nurse question?

a.	Flush Groshong catheter with 10 mL normal saline every 8 hours.
b.	Infuse 20 mEq potassium chloride in 1000 mL D5W at 50 mL/hr.
c.	Infuse 500 mL normal saline over 1 hour.
d.	Infuse 0.9% normal saline at keep vein open (KVO) rate.

 

 

ANS:  D

To be complete, IV orders for infusion fluids should specify the rate of infusion. This order does not specify the rate of infusion and is not considered complete.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment (Safety and Infection Control—Error Prevention)                                 MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Analysis)

 

3. Which infusion device does the nurse select for the older adult client with a medical diagnosis of “dehydration”?

a.	Cassette pump
b.	Elastomeric balloons
c.	Volumetric controller
d.	Syringe pump

 

 

ANS:  A

An older adult client who has dehydration will require a large fluid volume that is accurately measured by using a cassette pump during the infusion. Volumetric controllers count drops for administered volume and are inherently inaccurate because of variation in drop size. A syringe pump is accurate but not appropriate for a large volume. Elastomeric balloons are used to deliver intermittent medications.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment (Safety and Infection Control—Error Prevention)

MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Implementation)

 

4. A nursing administrator is concerned about the incidence of complications related to IV therapy, including bloodstream infection. Which action by the administrator would have the biggest impact on decreasing complications?

a.	Investigate initiating a dedicated IV team.
b.	Require inservice education for all RNs.
c.	Limit IV starts to the most experienced nurses.
d.	Perform quality control testing on skin preparation products.

 

 

ANS:  A

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends having a dedicated IV team to reduce complications, save money, and improve client satisfaction and outcomes. In-service education would always be helpful, but it would not have the same outcomes as an IV team. Limiting IV starts to the most experienced nurses does not allow newer nurses to gain this expertise. The quality of skin preparation products is only one aspect of IV insertion that could contribute to infection.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Reduction of Risk Potential—Potential for Complications From Diagnostic Tests/Treatments/Procedures)

MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Implementation)