Chapter 15: The Hematologic System

Chapter 15: The Hematologic System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which organ releases the erythropoietin-stimulating factor that directs stem cells in the bone marrow to make blood cells?

a.	Brain
b.	Lung
c.	Kidney
d.	Liver

 

 

ANS:  C

The kidney secretes the erythropoietin-stimulating factor to stimulate the stem cells to make blood cells.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   328

OBJ:   2 (theory)       TOP:   Erythropoiesis                                 KEY:  Nursing Process Step: N/A

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. What is the average life span of a red blood cell (RBC)?

a.	30 days
b.	90 days
c.	100 days
d.	120 days

 

 

ANS:  D

RBCs live approximately 120 days.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   328

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Life of RBCs

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning        MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. Which organ can help the body compensate in the event of a massive hemorrhagic episode by contracting and adding blood to the circulating volume?

a.	Spleen
b.	Liver
c.	Pancreas
d.	Bone marrow

 

 

ANS:  A

The spleen has the ability to contract and add blood to the circulating volume in the event of massive hemorrhage.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   330

OBJ:   1 (clinical)      TOP:   Spleen            KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. The nurse is reviewing laboratory reports for multiple patients. Which patient’s laboratory values require the nurse’s immediate attention?

a.	Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 7.1 g/dL; white blood cell (WBC) count of 4500 mL/mm3
b.	Potassium of 5.5 mEq/L; WBC count of 7000 mL/mm3
c.	Sodium of 129 mEq/L; WBC of 6000 mL/mm3; 13.2 g/dL
d.	Calcium of 8.8 mg/dL; WBC count of 8000 mL/mm3

 

 

ANS:  A

All of the WBC counts are normal. The nurse must then decide which other laboratory value requires the most urgent attention. The Hgb is critically low and requires immediate intervention (likely a transfusion). The low Hgb suggests possible anemia or blood loss. The normal Hgb range for adults is: females, 12.0 to 16.7 g/dL; males, 13.0 to 18.0 g/dL. The potassium of 5.5 mEq/L is at the top of the normal range and requires close monitoring for potential cardiac complications but is less urgent than the critical value. The sodium of 129 mEq/L is at the low end of the normal range and requires close monitoring but is less urgent than the critical value. The calcium level of 8.8 mg/dL is a normal value.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   333, Table 15-1

OBJ:   5 (theory)       TOP:   Blood Counts

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential