Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concept 10th Edition Timby
Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concept 10th Edition Timby
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Chapter 16- Fluid and Chemical Balance
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | A nurse is caring for a client who is not able to take food orally for 1 week to 10 days. Which of the following types of nutrition does the nurse know that the client will likely receive? | |
| A) | Metabolizing nutrition | |
| B) | Peripheral parenteral nutrition | |
| C) | Total parenteral nutrition | |
| D) | Nasogastric feed | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The client requires peripheral parenteral nutrition. Peripheral parenteral nutrition provides temporary nutritional support of approximately 2000 to 2500 cal daily. It can meet a client’s metabolic needs when oral intake is interrupted for 7 to 10 days, or it can be used as a supplement during a transitional period as a client begins to resume eating. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is preferred for clients who are severely malnourished or may not be able to consume food or liquids for a long period. Metabolizing nutrition is a way to replenish and supply water to the body. A nasogastric feed is administered through narrow tubing that is inserted through the client’s nose into the stomach; it is better suited for short-term nutrition. | ||
| 2. | A client loses experiences syncope after strenuous exercise and needs to be admitted to a health care facility. The client is diagnosed with dehydration. The nurse caring for the client knows that the client needs fluid restoration with which of the following? | |
| A) | Electrolytes | |
| B) | Nonelectrolytes | |
| C) | Hypertonic solution | |
| D) | Interstitial fluid | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The nurse knows that the client’s electrolytes need to be restored. Rehydration after exercise can only be achieved if the electrolytes lost in sweat, as well as the lost water, are replaced. The client does not need to have nonelectrolytes, colloid solution, or interstitial fluid restored. Nonelectrolytes are chemical compounds that remain bound together when dissolved in a solution. Interstitial fluid is the fluid in the tissue space between and around cells. Hypertonic solutions are not used to resolve dehydration. | ||
| 3. | A severely malnourished client has been admitted to a health care facility. The nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to the client. How is the TPN solution best administered by the nurse? | |
| A) | It is administered in a vein distant from the heart through peripheral veins. | |
| B) | It is administered in a peripheral vein in a lower limb. | |
| C) | It is administered in a peripheral vein with its tip terminating in the superior vena cava. | |
| D) | It is administered in a peripheral vein with its tip terminating in the saphenous vein. | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| TPN solution should be administered through a catheter inserted into the subclavian or jugular vein; the tip terminates in the superior vena cava. Sometimes a peripherally inserted central catheter is used; this long catheter is inserted into a peripheral arm vein but its tip terminates in the superior vena cava as well. Total parenteral nutrition is a hypertonic solution of nutrients designed to meet almost all caloric and nutritional needs. It is preferred for clients who are severely malnourished or may not be able to consume food or liquids for a long period. A TPN solution is not infused in a peripheral vein with its tip terminating in the saphenous vein. | ||
| 4. | A nurse needs to select a venipuncture site to administer a prescribed amount of IV fluid to a client. The nurse looks for a large vein when using a needle with a large gauge. Which of the following reasons explains the nurse’s action? | |
| A) | To prevent pain and discomfort | |
| B) | To prevent compromising circulation | |
| C) | To reduce the potential for blood clots | |
| D) | To avoid restriction of mobility | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The nurse looks for a large vein when using a needle with a large gauge to prevent compromising circulation. To reduce the potential for blood clots and restrict a client’s mobility, the nurse does not use foot or leg veins. The use of large gauge needles does not reduce pain or discomfort. | ||
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