Chapter 16 Principles of Pediatric Nursing 6th Ed By Ball

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 16

Question 1

Type: MCSA

A nurse is providing information to a group of new mothers. Which statement best explains why newborns and young infants are more susceptible to infection?

1. “They have high levels of maternal antibodies to diseases to which the mother has been exposed.”
2. “They have passive transplacental immunity from maternal immunoglobulin G.”
3. “They have immune systems that are not fully mature at birth.”
4. “They have been exposed to microorganisms during the birth process.”

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Newborns have a limited storage pool of neutrophils and plasma proteins to defend against infection. Newborns’ and young infants’ high levels of maternal antibodies, passive transplacental immunity, and exposure to microorganisms during the birth process are all true but are incorrect answers because they do not explain the susceptibility of newborns and young infants to infection.

Rationale 2: Newborns have a limited storage pool of neutrophils and plasma proteins to defend against infection. Newborns’ and young infants’ high levels of maternal antibodies, passive transplacental immunity, and exposure to microorganisms during the birth process are all true but are incorrect answers because they do not explain the susceptibility of newborns and young infants to infection.

Rationale 3: Newborns have a limited storage pool of neutrophils and plasma proteins to defend against infection. Newborns’ and young infants’ high levels of maternal antibodies, passive transplacental immunity, and exposure to microorganisms during the birth process are all true but are incorrect answers because they do not explain the susceptibility of newborns and young infants to infection.

Rationale 4: Newborns have a limited storage pool of neutrophils and plasma proteins to defend against infection. Newborns’ and young infants’ high levels of maternal antibodies, passive transplacental immunity, and exposure to microorganisms during the birth process are all true but are incorrect answers because they do not explain the susceptibility of newborns and young infants to infection.

Global Rationale: Newborns have a limited storage pool of neutrophils and plasma proteins to defend against infection. Newborns’ and young infants’ high levels of maternal antibodies, passive transplacental immunity, and exposure to microorganisms during the birth process are all true but are incorrect answers because they do not explain the susceptibility of newborns and young infants to infection.

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 16.1 Compare the vulnerability of young children and adults to communicable diseases.

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

 

The nurse is discussing ways to treat fever in the home environment to a group of parents in the community.  Which statement is appropriate for the nurse to include in the presentation?

1. “Ibuprofen is the only effective means to reduce fever.”
2. “If the child requires more than one dose of acetaminophen antibiotics are needed.”
3. “Purchase a new bottle of acetaminophen for your newborn because it will have recommended medication concentration.”
4. “It is not necessary to follow the recommendations on the bottle of ibuprofen as this will not prevent an overdose for your child.”

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: The recommendation to purchase a new bottle of acetaminophen due to recommended medication concentrations is an appropriate statement for the nurse to include in the teaching session. The other statements are inaccurate or inappropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session.

Rationale 2: The recommendation to purchase a new bottle of acetaminophen due to recommended medication concentrations is an appropriate statement for the nurse to include in the teaching session. The other statements are inaccurate or inappropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session.

Rationale 3: The recommendation to purchase a new bottle of acetaminophen due to recommended medication concentrations is an appropriate statement for the nurse to include in the teaching session. The other statements are inaccurate or inappropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session.

Rationale 4: The recommendation to purchase a new bottle of acetaminophen due to recommended medication concentrations is an appropriate statement for the nurse to include in the teaching session. The other statements are inaccurate or inappropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session.

Global Rationale: The recommendation to purchase a new bottle of acetaminophen due to recommended medication concentrations is an appropriate statement for the nurse to include in the teaching session. The other statements are inaccurate or inappropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session.

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 16.8 Create a parent education session that addresses important considerations of giving acetaminophen or ibuprofen to infants and children with a fever.

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The nurse prepares the second diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) and second inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) immunization injections for an infant who is 4 months old. The nurse may also give which of immunizations during the same well-child-care appointment?

1. Var (varicella)
2. TIV (influenza)
3. MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
4. Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB)

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB) vaccine is given at 2, 4, 6, and 12–15 months of age (four doses). None of the other vaccines can be given to a 4-month-old infant. Influenza (TIV) vaccine may be given yearly to infants between 6 months and 3 years of age. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given at 12–15 months and 4–6 years of age (two doses). Varicella (Var) is given at 12–18 months or any time up to 12 years for one dose; for 13 years and older two doses are given, 4–8 weeks apart.

Rationale 2: Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB) vaccine is given at 2, 4, 6, and 12–15 months of age (four doses). None of the other vaccines can be given to a 4-month-old infant. Influenza (TIV) vaccine may be given yearly to infants between 6 months and 3 years of age. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given at 12–15 months and 4–6 years of age (two doses). Varicella (Var) is given at 12–18 months or any time up to 12 years for one dose; for 13 years and older two doses are given, 4–8 weeks apart.

Rationale 3: Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB) vaccine is given at 2, 4, 6, and 12–15 months of age (four doses). None of the other vaccines can be given to a 4-month-old infant. Influenza (TIV) vaccine may be given yearly to infants between 6 months and 3 years of age. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given at 12–15 months and 4–6 years of age (two doses). Varicella (Var) is given at 12–18 months or any time up to 12 years for one dose; for 13 years and older two doses are given, 4–8 weeks apart.

Rationale 4: Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB) vaccine is given at 2, 4, 6, and 12–15 months of age (four doses). None of the other vaccines can be given to a 4-month-old infant. Influenza (TIV) vaccine may be given yearly to infants between 6 months and 3 years of age. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given at 12–15 months and 4–6 years of age (two doses). Varicella (Var) is given at 12–18 months or any time up to 12 years for one dose; for 13 years and older two doses are given, 4–8 weeks apart.

Global Rationale: Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB) vaccine is given at 2, 4, 6, and 12–15 months of age (four doses). None of the other vaccines can be given to a 4-month-old infant. Influenza (TIV) vaccine may be given yearly to infants between 6 months and 3 years of age. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given at 12–15 months and 4–6 years of age (two doses). Varicella (Var) is given at 12–18 months or any time up to 12 years for one dose; for 13 years and older two doses are given, 4–8 weeks apart.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 16.4 Plan the nursing care for children of all ages needing immunizations.

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

A mother refuses to have her child be immunized with measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine because she believes that letting her infant get these diseases will help him fight off other diseases later in life. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

1. Honor her request because she is the parent.
2. Explain that antibodies can fight many diseases.
3. Tell her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women.
4. Explain that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, there could be very serious and permanent complications from these diseases.

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Explaining that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, he could have very serious and permanent complications from these diseases is correct because measles, mumps, and rubella all have potentially serious sequelae, such as encephalitis, brain damage, and deafness. Honoring her request is not correct because the nurse has a professional duty to explain that the mother’s belief about immunizations is erroneous and may result in harm to her infant. Explaining that antibodies can fight many diseases is not correct because the body makes antibodies that are specific to antigens of each disease. Antibodies for one disease cannot fight another disease. Telling her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women is not correct because immunizing the infant with MMR vaccine will help protect pregnant women from contracting rubella by decreasing the transmission. If a pregnant woman contracts rubella, her fetus can be severely damaged with congenital rubella syndrome.

Rationale 2: Explaining that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, he could have very serious and permanent complications from these diseases is correct because measles, mumps, and rubella all have potentially serious sequelae, such as encephalitis, brain damage, and deafness. Honoring her request is not correct because the nurse has a professional duty to explain that the mother’s belief about immunizations is erroneous and may result in harm to her infant. Explaining that antibodies can fight many diseases is not correct because the body makes antibodies that are specific to antigens of each disease. Antibodies for one disease cannot fight another disease. Telling her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women is not correct because immunizing the infant with MMR vaccine will help protect pregnant women from contracting rubella by decreasing the transmission. If a pregnant woman contracts rubella, her fetus can be severely damaged with congenital rubella syndrome.

Rationale 3: Explaining that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, he could have very serious and permanent complications from these diseases is correct because measles, mumps, and rubella all have potentially serious sequelae, such as encephalitis, brain damage, and deafness. Honoring her request is not correct because the nurse has a professional duty to explain that the mother’s belief about immunizations is erroneous and may result in harm to her infant. Explaining that antibodies can fight many diseases is not correct because the body makes antibodies that are specific to antigens of each disease. Antibodies for one disease cannot fight another disease. Telling her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women is not correct because immunizing the infant with MMR vaccine will help protect pregnant women from contracting rubella by decreasing the transmission. If a pregnant woman contracts rubella, her fetus can be severely damaged with congenital rubella syndrome.

Rationale 4: Explaining that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, he could have very serious and permanent complications from these diseases is correct because measles, mumps, and rubella all have potentially serious sequelae, such as encephalitis, brain damage, and deafness. Honoring her request is not correct because the nurse has a professional duty to explain that the mother’s belief about immunizations is erroneous and may result in harm to her infant. Explaining that antibodies can fight many diseases is not correct because the body makes antibodies that are specific to antigens of each disease. Antibodies for one disease cannot fight another disease. Telling her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women is not correct because immunizing the infant with MMR vaccine will help protect pregnant women from contracting rubella by decreasing the transmission. If a pregnant woman contracts rubella, her fetus can be severely damaged with congenital rubella syndrome.

Global Rationale: Explaining that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, he could have very serious and permanent complications from these diseases is correct because measles, mumps, and rubella all have potentially serious sequelae, such as encephalitis, brain damage, and deafness. Honoring her request is not correct because the nurse has a professional duty to explain that the mother’s belief about immunizations is erroneous and may result in harm to her infant. Explaining that antibodies can fight many diseases is not correct because the body makes antibodies that are specific to antigens of each disease. Antibodies for one disease cannot fight another disease. Telling her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women is not correct because immunizing the infant with MMR vaccine will help protect pregnant women from contracting rubella by decreasing the transmission. If a pregnant woman contracts rubella, her fetus can be severely damaged with congenital rubella syndrome.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 16.3 Examine the role that vaccines play in reducing and eliminating communicable diseases.