Chapter 16: Renal Disorders

Chapter 16: Renal Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

The father of a child with acute glomerulonephritis asks the nurse why blood pressure readings are being taken so often. The nurse knows that:
The antibiotic therapy the child is receiving can influence increases in blood pressure.
The child can develop hypotension at any time because of the damage to the kidneys.
A child with this illness can have sudden increases in blood pressure without warning.
Blood pressure must be maintained within normal limits to make sure that the kidneys do not stop working.

ANS: 3

	Feedback
1.	Antibiotics do not cause increases in blood pressure unless an allergic reaction occurs.
2.	The damage to the kidneys causes the blood pressure to increase drastically.
3.	The illness can cause spikes in blood pressure without warning, causing concern about blood flow to the major organs of the body.
4.	The goal is to maintain the blood pressure at a normal range, but the kidneys will not stop working if the blood pressure changes.

Which of the following is the goal of care for a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
Reducing the blood pressure
Decreasing the amount of protein in the urine
Lowering the sodium level within the blood
Increasing the permeability of the kidneys

ANS: 2

	Feedback
1.	Blood pressure will not be the main issue for the child at this time.
2.	The kidney begins to break down and protein may be present. The goal is to stop the breakdown so that the kidney begins to function properly.
3.	Sodium levels will not be an issue for a child with nephrotic syndrome.
4.	Permeability is not the main concern at this point.

ANS: 3

	Feedback
1.	The kidneys cannot filter the protein, and thus should not be the prescribed diet.
2.	A diet with low ketones is needed so that the kidneys do not need to work hard to filter material.
3.	Low sodium and low protein will ensure that the kidneys do not need to work as hard to filter material out of the body.
4.	Carbohydrates and potassium are not filtered within the kidney.

ANS: 3

	Feedback
1.	A cystoscopy looks at the lower renal tract.
2.	The cystoscopy looks at the bladder and lower, not up to the ureters.
3.	A cystoscopy views the bladder for any anomalies or injuries.
4.	A cystoscopy is a visual procedure, not a collection procedure.

A child has been scheduled for a cystourethrography. The nurse prepares the child by:
Following the order of NPO until after the procedure.
Assessing the child’s allergies.
Discussing the IV insertion.
Discussing the placement of a Foley catheter.

ANS: 4

	Feedback
1.	The child does not need to be NPO for this procedure.
2.	The procedure does not require medication, thus allergies are not a concern at this time.
3.	An IV is not required for the procedure.
4.	A Foley catheter will need to be placed to drain the urine. The procedure should be discussed with the child so he/she knows what to expect and can ask questions.

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