CHAPTER 18: AGENTS THAT DILATE BLOOD VESSELS

CHAPTER 18: AGENTS THAT DILATE BLOOD VESSELS

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse teaching the client with angina about how to treat an acute anginal attacks instructs the client to:

a.	take one nitroglycerin tablet sublingual up to three tablets 5 minutes apart; call 911 after the third tablet, if pain does not subside.
b.	swallow three nitroglycerin tablets, followed by three additional tablets sublingual; call 911, if pain is not relieved.
c.	place transdermal patch on the chest over the heart after calling 911.
d.	take three nitroglycerin tablets 15 minutes apart; call the health care provider, if pain is not relieved.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct: This is the protocol for acute anginal attacks.
B	Incorrect: This is not the appropriate route or number of doses.
C	Incorrect: This is not the appropriate route or sequence.
D	Incorrect: This is not the appropriate protocol.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 446, Table 18-1

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

2. When teaching clients about acute myocardial infarctions (MI), the nurse should include:

a.	“Acute myocardial infarction, or heart attack, occurs when an area of heart muscle dies as a result of insufficient oxygen.”
b.	“Nearly 80% of all clients experiencing acute myocardial infarction die before reaching a health care facility, so you should get your affairs in order.”
c.	“The goal for the care of the client with an acute myocardial infarction is to restore life to the dead heart tissue.”
d.	“The first action you should take if you experience signs of a heart attack is to place one of your nitroglycerin patches on.”

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct: This is a true statement about acute myocardial infarction.
B	Incorrect: This is not accurate; nearly 40 % of clients experiencing an acute MI die.
C	Incorrect: This is not the goal of care. The goal is to prevent further damage to the heart.
D	Incorrect: A nitro patch will not effectively treat an MI.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 447-448     OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

3. The nurse understands that anginal pain usually is associated with:

a.	stress and exercise.	c.	smoking tobacco products.
b.	lack of regular exercise.	d.	consuming a glass of wine daily.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct: These are usually the circumstances that lead to anginal pain.
B	Incorrect: Although this may be a contributing factor to CAD (coronary artery disease), it is not specifically related to anginal pain.
C	Incorrect: Although this may be a contributing factor to CAD (coronary artery disease), it is not specifically related to anginal pain.
D	Incorrect: This is not associated with angina.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 442            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Knowledge

 

The client is a 67-year-old man who has been smoking two packs of cigarettes per day for over 50 years. He is also an adult-onset diabetic who uses 500 mg of tolazamide, an oral hypoglycemic agent, daily. The client visits his health care provider complaining of a cramping pain in his right calf, which he experiences after walking half a block. The client indicates that he has been experiencing this pain for the past two months. The health care provider diagnoses the client’s condition as intermittent claudication and prescribes nylidrin 6 mg p.o. three times a day. After six weeks of therapy the client has experienced no improvement in his condition.

 

4. A positive outcome of the client goal, “client will verbalize decrease in peripheral discomfort (intermittent claudication)” would be that the client:

a.	verbalizes his medication regime related to use of peripheral vasodilators.
b.	does not experience injury related to side effects of peripheral vasodilators.
c.	verbalizes that he is able to walk around the block without leg pain.
d.	reports episodes of anginal pain to the health care provider.

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect: This addresses Deficient knowledge.
B	Incorrect: This addresses Risk for injury.
C	Correct: This is the positive outcome for this client’s goal.
D	Incorrect: This addresses Deficient knowledge.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 456-457     OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Evaluation

 

5. When teaching a client about peripheral vascular disease, the nurse instructs the client:

a.	“You should test the temperature of the bath water with your elbow or a thermometer before immersing feet.”
b.	“Walking barefoot in the house is fine, but wear shoes when you go outdoors.”
c.	“You can continue to apply your over-the-counter medications to your feet as long as you don’t get a rash.”
d.	“You should have your health care provider trim your toenails during each of your visits.”

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct: The feet of a client with PVD (peripheral vascular disease) may have lost sensation and can be easily burned.
B	Incorrect: The client should avoid walking anywhere in bare feet.
C	Incorrect: Medications should not be applied to the feet without permission from health care provider.
D	Incorrect: The client can trim own toenails, but this needs to be done with great care.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 457            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application