Chapter 18: Nervous Regulation of the Circulation, and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

Chapter 18: Nervous Regulation of the Circulation, and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

1. Blood is withdrawn from a 56-year-old male with a five year history of congestive heart failure. Plasma concentrations of angiotensin II, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide are elevated. An increase in which of the following is the most likely explanation for the increase in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide?

1. Arterial pressure
2. Renal vascular resistance
3. Venous hydrostatic pressure
4. Atrial pressure
5. Cardiac output

ANS: D

2. A 22-year-old male enters the hospital emergency room after severing a major artery during a motorcycle accident. It is estimated that the patient lost approximately 700 mL of blood. His blood pressure is 90/55 mmHg. A decrease in which of the following would be expected in response to hemorrhage in this man?
3. Heart rate

1. Sympathetic nerve activity
2. Total peripheral resistance
3. Plasma renin activity
4. Number of impulses from the carotid sinus

ANS: E

3. 3. Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

Venous Hydrostatic                Parasympathetic         Renal Blood

Pressure in Legs                      Nerve Activity           Flow

1. ­                                              ­                                  ­
2. ­                                              ­                                  ¯
3. ­                                              ¯                                  ¯
4. ¯                                              ¯                                  ¯
5. ¯                                              ¯                                  ­
6. ¯                                              ­                                  ­

ANS: C

4. A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which one of the following sets of physiological changes?

Number of Impulses               Heart               Total

From the Carotid Sinus           Rate                 Peripheral Resistance

1. ­                                              ­                      ­
2. ­                                              ­                      ¯
3. ­                                              ¯                      ¯
4. ¯                                              ¯                      ¯
5. ¯                                              ¯                      ­
6. ¯                                              ­                      ­

ANS: F