Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular System

Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse encourages a 65-year-old female patient to get a cholesterol study because the best indicator of possible heart disease in women is:

a.	low levels of high-density lipoprotein.
b.	low levels of triglycerides.
c.	high levels of high-density lipoprotein.
d.	low levels of low-density lipoprotein.

 

 

ANS:  A

Low levels of “good” cholesterol are a strong predictor of heart disease in women over 65 years of age.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   375                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Heart Disease in Women: Lipid Studies

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. The nurse explaining blood pressure to a patient instructs that, in a blood pressure of 120/80, the 80 indicates the:

a.	pulse pressure.
b.	pressure in the relaxed ventricles.
c.	relative ejection factor.
d.	stroke volume.

 

 

ANS:  B

The diastolic pressure of 80 mm Hg is the reading of the pressure during ventricular relaxation.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   374                OBJ:   1 (theory)

TOP:   Diastolic Pressure: Definition           KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. The nurse is aware that the eventual outcome of angiotensin on the circulatory system is:

a.	vasoconstriction.
b.	release of sodium and water to be excreted.
c.	increase in blood pressure.
d.	decrease in cardiac output.

 

 

ANS:  C

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II, which causes vasoconstriction. Angiotensin then causes sodium and water to be retained, thus causing an increase in the circulating blood volume, which causes the blood pressure to rise.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   374                OBJ:   1 (theory)

TOP:   Angiotensin: Effect on Circulatory System

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. The 85-year-old patient asks the nurse why he has a heart murmur now after all these years. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s heart murmur?

a.	Hypertension
b.	Atherosclerosis
c.	Insufficient valves
d.	Weakened pacemaker

 

 

ANS:  C

It is common for systolic murmurs to be present in people over the age of 80. These murmurs are usually related to valvular dysfunction caused by thickening of the valves, especially the mitral and aortic valves.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   375                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Murmur in the Older Adult              KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease