Abrams' Clinical Drug Therapy Rationales for Nursing Practice by Geralyn Frandsen
Abrams' Clinical Drug Therapy Rationales for Nursing Practice by Geralyn Frandsen
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Chapter 19- Drug Therapy With Macrolides, Ketolides
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | A patient is admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of Legionnaires’ disease and is placed on isolation. Which of the following medications is the drug of choice for Legionnaires’ disease? | |
| A) | Erythromycin (Ery-Tab) | |
| B) | Loxapine hydrochloride (Loxitane) | |
| C) | Meclizine (Antivert) | |
| D) | Pravastatin (Pravachol) | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Erythromycin is the prototype macrolide used to treat Legionnaires’ disease. Loxapine hydrochloride is an antipsychotic agent. Meclizine (Antivert) is used to treat nausea and dizziness. Pravastatin is used to treat hypercholesterolemia. | ||
| 2. | The nurse is administering telithromycin (Ketek) to a child with Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. What nursing intervention is implemented when administering this medication? | |
| A) | Administer the medication with or without food. | |
| B) | Administer the medication with grapefruit juice. | |
| C) | Increase the dose in the event of QT elongation. | |
| D) | Administer the medication with lovastatin. | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| When administering telithromycin, food does not affect the absorption of the medication. The administration of the medication with grapefruit juice may increase the plasma concentration and cause adverse effects. Telithromycin can cause an elongation of the QT interval; thus, the dose should not be increased. The administration of telithromycin and lovastatin can cause an increase in the QT interval. | ||
| 3. | A patient is allergic to penicillin and has been diagnosed with a genitourinary infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which of the following medications will most likely be administered? | |
| A) | Acamprosate calcium (Campral) | |
| B) | Atazanavir (Reyataz) | |
| C) | Erythromycin (Ery-Tab) | |
| D) | Flumazenil (Mazicon) | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| A patient who is diagnosed with a genitourinary infection that is caused by trachomatis and who is allergic to penicillin should be administered erythromycin (Ery-Tab). Acamprosate calcium is administered as a substance abuse deterrent, not in place of penicillin. Atazanavir (Reyataz) is an antiviral agent that is used to treat HIV infection, not Chlamydia trachomatis. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist and not used for Chlamydia trachomatis. | ||
| 4. | A patient is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. He has been prescribed clarithromycin (Biaxin). Which of the following organisms is this medication used to treat? | |
| A) | Streptococcus pneumoniae | |
| B) | Haemophilus influenzae | |
| C) | Mycobacterium avium complex | |
| D) | Helicobacter pylori | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Clarithromycin is approved to treat H. pylori infections associated with peptic ulcer disease. Clarithromycin is also approved to treat Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, and Mycobacterium avium complex, but these organisms do not cause peptic ulcer disease. | ||
| 5. | A patient is administered telithromycin (Ketek) to treat a community-acquired pneumonia. A change in what blood level may necessitate a reduction in the dosage? | |
| A) | Creatinine | |
| B) | AST and ALT | |
| C) | CPK | |
| D) | Differential | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| For patients who have renal impairment, together with hepatic impairment, it is essential to reduce the dosage to 400 mg once daily. Alterations in CPK, white cell differential, and liver enzymes may not require a change in the dosage. | ||
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