Chapter 2: Biological Implications

Chapter 2: Biological Implications

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

 

____     1.   A depressed client states, “I have a chemical imbalance in my brain. I have no control over my behavior. Medications are my only hope to feel normal again.” Which nursing response is appropriate?

1.	“Medications only address biological factors. Environmental and interpersonal factors must also be considered.”
2.	“Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression, medications will improve your mood.”
3.	“Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most influence in the development of depression.”
4.	“Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between nature (biology and genetics) and nurture (environment).”

 

 

____     2.   A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder asks, “What part of my brain controls my emotions?” Which nursing response is appropriate?

1.	“The occipital lobe governs perceptions, judging them as positive or negative.”
2.	“The parietal lobe has been linked to depression.”
3.	“The medulla regulates key biological and psychological activities.”
4.	“The limbic system is largely responsible for one’s emotional state.”

 

 

____     3.   Which part of the nervous system should a nurse identify as playing a major role during stressful situations?

1.	Peripheral nervous system
2.	Somatic nervous system
3.	Sympathetic nervous system
4.	Parasympathetic nervous system

 

 

____     4.   Which client statement reflects an understanding of circadian rhythms in psychopathology?

1.	“When I dream about my mother’s horrible train accident, I become hysterical.”
2.	“I get really irritable during my menstrual cycle.”
3.	“I’m a morning person. I get my best work done before noon.”
4.	“Every February, I tend to experience periods of sadness.”

 

Chapter 2: Biological Implications

Answer Section

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. ANS:  1

Chapter: Chapter 2, Biological Implications

Objective: Recognize various theorized influences in the development of psychiatric disorders including brain physiology, genetics, endocrine function, immune system, and psychosocial, and environmental factors.

Page: 15–19

Headings: The Parietal Lobes, The Occipital Lobes, Limbic System, Medulla

Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning

Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity

Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing]

Concept: Mood

Difficulty: Easy

 

	Feedback
1	The nurse should advise the client that medications address biological factors, but there are other factors that affect mood. The nurse should educate the client on environmental and interpersonal factors that can lead to depression.
2	The statement is false because biological factors are not the sole cause of depression.
3	It is false that environmental factors have been shown to exert the most influence in the development of depression.
4	Researchers have demonstrated a link between nature and nurture.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Mood

 

2. ANS:  4

Chapter: Chapter 2, Biological Implications

Objective: Identify gross anatomical structures of the brain and describe their functions.

Page: 16

Headings: The Nervous System: An Anatomical Review > The Brain

Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning

Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]

Concept: Mood

Difficulty: Moderate

 

	Feedback
1	The occipital lobes are the area of visual reception and interpretation.
2	Somatosensory input (touch, taste, temperature, etc.) occurs in the parietal lobes.
3	The medulla contains vital centers that regulate heart rate and reflexes.
4	The nurse should explain to the client that the limbic system is largely responsible for one’s emotional state. This system is often called the “emotional brain” and is associated with feelings, sexuality, and social behavior.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Mood

 

3. ANS:  3

Chapter: Chapter 2, Biological Implications

Objective: Discuss the physiology of neurotransmission in the central nervous system.

Page: 21

Heading: Autonomic Nervous System

Integrated Processes: Nursing Process

Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]

Concept: Mood

Difficulty: Moderate

 

	Feedback
1	The peripheral nervous system does not play a major role during stressful situations.
2	The somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system.
3	The nurse should identify that the sympathetic nervous system plays a major role during stressful situations. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for the fight-or-flight response.
4	The parasympathetic nervous system is dominant when an individual is in a nonstressful state.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Mood

 

4. ANS:  3

Chapter: Chapter 2, Biological Implications

Objective: Discuss the physiology of neurotransmission in the central nervous system.

Page: 29–30

Heading: Circadian Rhythms

Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning

Client Need: Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing]

Concept: Sleep and Rest

Difficulty: Moderate

 

	Feedback
1	This statement does not indicate understanding of circadian rhythms.
2	The menstrual cycle is not affected by the circadian rhythm.
3	By stating, “I am a morning person,” the client demonstrates an understanding that circadian rhythms may influence a variety of regulatory functions, including the sleep-wake cycle, regulation of body temperature, and patterns of activity. Most humans follow a 24-hour cycle that is largely affected by lightness and darkness.
4	Experiencing periods of sadness is not indicative of the circadian rhythm.