Chapter 2: Relevant Theories and Therapies for Nursing Practice

Chapter 2: Relevant Theories and Therapies for Nursing Practice

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)   At the well-child clinic the nurse notices that a 26-month-old boy is displaying negative behavior. His mother relates that he refuses to have anything to do with toilet training and often shouts “no!” when given direction. His mother asks what might be the matter with her son. On the basis of knowledge of growth and development, the nurse should reply

ANS:   A

Options B, C, and D all indicate the child’s behavior is abnormal when, in fact, this behavior is typical of a child around the age of 2 years whose developmental task is to develop autonomy.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    Text Page: 19

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2)   A 26-month-old child often displays negative behavior, refuses to have anything to do with toilet training, and often shouts “no!” when given direction. By using Freud’s stages of psychosexual development, the nurse would assess the child’s behavior as being consistent with the stage of development termed

ANS:   B

The anal stage occurs from age 1 to 3 years and has as its focus toilet training and learning to delay immediate gratification. Option B: The oral stage occurs between birth and 1 year. Options C and D: The phallic stage occurs between 3 and 5 years, and the genital stage occurs between age 13 and 20 years.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    Text Page: 18

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3)   A 26-month-old child often displays negative behavior, refuses to have anything to do with toilet training, and often shouts “no!” when given direction. His mother asks the nurse what might be the matter with the child. The counseling the nurse gives the mother should be based on the premise that the child is engaged in the psychosocial crisis of

ANS:   D

The crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt is related to the developmental task of gaining control of self and environment, as exemplified by toilet training. This psychosocial crisis occurs during the period of early childhood. Option A: Trust versus mistrust is the crisis of the infant. Option B: Initiative versus guilt is the crisis of the preschool and early school-aged child. Option C: Industry versus inferiority is the crisis of the 6- to 12-year-old child.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    Text Page: 19

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

4)   A 4-year-old child seen at the well-child clinic is noted to grab toys from his sibling, saying, “I want that toy, now!” The sibling usually cries, and the child’s mother becomes upset with the behavior. By using Freudian theory the nurse can interpret this behavior to the mother as being as a product of impulses originating in the

ANS:   A

The id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of impulses. Option B: The ego acts as a mediator of behavior and would weigh the consequences of the action, perhaps determining that taking the toy is not worth the mother’s wrath. Option C: The superego would oppose the impulsive behavior as “not nice.” Option D: The preconscious is a level of awareness.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    Text Page: 16, Text Page: 17

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance