Gerontological Nursing The Essential Guide to Clinical Practice, 2nd Edition by Patricia A.
Gerontological Nursing The Essential Guide to Clinical Practice, 2nd Edition by Patricia A.
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Chapter 20- Circulation
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | An older patient who enjoys good health is experiencing a decline in stamina despite being physically active over the years. The nurse recognizes which age-related change as likely affecting the patient’s stamina? | |
| A) | Increased resting heart rate and blood pressure | |
| B) | Reduced heart contractility and a prolonged cardiac cycle | |
| C) | Stenosis of the aorta and decreased muscle tissue perfusion | |
| D) | Hypotension with consequent inadequate peripheral blood supply | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| An increased time for the systole–diastole cycle and a reduction in contractility are normal, age-related changes that affect activity tolerance. An increased heart rate and blood pressure would not be considered age-related changes while aortic stenosis would be characterized as pathological rather than normal. While many older adults experience hypotension, this is not considered a normal age-related change. | ||
| Origin: Chapter 20- Circulation, 2
Chapter: 20 Client Needs: B Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Teaching/learning Objective: 2 Page and Header: 269, Proactive Interventions |
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| 2. | An older patient asks the nurse practitioner what measures can be taken to maintain a healthy heart. Which regimen should the nurse recommend to the patient? | |
| A) | “A low-salt diet and an aspirin tablet with each meal can promote a healthy heart.” | |
| B) | “Abstaining from alcohol and limiting your use of painkillers have a protective effect on your heart.” | |
| C) | “One Tylenol tablet and a glass of red wine each day have been shown to help prevent heart attacks.” | |
| D) | “A low-dose aspirin each day and moderate use of alcohol can help prevent cardiovascular disease.” | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Daily low-dose ASA and moderate alcohol use have been shown to have a protective effect on the heart. Tylenol does not have this effect, while aspirin taken with each meal would be excessive and abstinence from alcohol is not necessary. A low-salt diet would be beneficial but it does not need to be eaten with an aspirin tablet with each meal. | ||
| Origin: Chapter 20- Circulation, 3
Chapter: 20 Client Needs: B Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Teaching/learning Objective: 2 Page and Header: 270, Hypertension |
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| 3. | An older male patient taking medication for hypertension asks what else can be done to reduce the blood pressure. What measures should the nurse recommend to the patient? | |
| A) | A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet | |
| B) | Deep breathing and Buerger-Allen exercises | |
| C) | Weight loss and a reduction in sodium intake | |
| D) | Daily low-dose aspirin and one alcoholic drink daily | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| While moderate alcohol intake, low-dose ASA, and a low-fat diet are conducive to cardiac health, weight loss and reduced sodium intake are more specific to the management of hypertension. Buerger-Allen exercises are used in the management of arteriosclerosis. Deep breathing is not a measure to specifically reduce the blood pressure. | ||
| Origin: Chapter 20- Circulation, 4
Chapter: 20 Client Needs: D4 Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Nursing process Objective: 3 Page and Header: 275, Hypotension |
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| 4. | An older patient who resides in an assisted living facility experiences dizziness and lightheadedness when getting out of bed in the morning and when standing up quickly from a chair. Which intervention would be appropriate at this time? | |
| A) | Assess the patient’s dietary and activity habits | |
| B) | Plan a weight-loss and exercise regimen together with the patient | |
| C) | Review the medication regimen and teach appropriate safety measures | |
| D) | Recommend the use of garlic and hawthorn berries to address hypotension | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Hypotension is often a consequence of medications, and a review of the patient’s current medication regimen would be indicated, along with teaching on how to avoid falls. Assessment and modification of diet and/or exercise would be less likely to address the patient’s problem, while garlic and hawthorn would exacerbate the problem. | ||
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