Pharmacology for Nursing Care, 7th Edition by Richard A. Lehne
Pharmacology for Nursing Care, 7th Edition by Richard A. Lehne
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Chapter 20: Introduction to Central Nervous System Pharmacology
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| a. | Side and adverse effects generally increase over time. |
| b. | When tolerance develops, drug dosage should be decreased and eventually tapered off. |
| c. | These drugs usually act immediately to produce profound structural changes in the nervous system. |
| d. | These drugs may take some time to exert the changes that produce the desired effects. |
ANS: D
Antipsychotics and antidepressants must be taken for several weeks before full therapeutic effects are seen.
Side effects and adverse effects typically decrease over time, and tolerance may develop.
With tolerance a dose increase may be needed, for physical dependence the dose should be decreased and eventually tapered off.
These drugs do no act immediately to produce profound structural changes in the nervous system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 181
TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
| a. | there is a decreased response with prolonged use. |
| b. | an abstinence syndrome will occur if the drug is abruptly discontinued. |
| c. | the drug causes psychologic dependence. |
| d. | the patient has developed hypersensitivity to the drug. |
ANS: A
When tolerance develops, a dose increase may be needed as there may be a decreased response with prolonged use.
An abstinence syndrome is specific to physical withdrawal.
Physical dependence indicates that the dose should be decreased and eventually tapered off.
Hypersensitivity does not describe tolerance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 181
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
| a. | It can protect the brain from injury by potentially toxic substances. |
| b. | It can be a significant obstacle to entry of therapeutic agents. |
| c. | It is not fully developed at birth. |
| d. | Infants are not as sensitive to central nervous system drugs as older children and adults. |
ANS: D
Infants are much more sensitive to central nervous system drugs than older children and adults, as the blood-brain barrier is not fully developed at birth.
From a therapeutic perspective, the blood-brain barrier is a mixed blessing. On the positive side, it protects the brain from injury by potentially toxic substances. However, it also makes it difficult to treat diseases affecting the brain.
The blood-brain barrier is not fully developed at birth; no further teaching is required.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 180
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
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