Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing 5th Edition by Linda S. Williams Paula D. Hopper
Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing 5th Edition by Linda S. Williams Paula D. Hopper
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Chapter 20. Nursing Care of Patients With HIV Disease and AIDS
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which outcome should receive priority?
| a. | Remain socially active. |
| b. | Report high self-esteem. |
| c. | Remain free of infection. |
| d. | Maintain baseline weight. |
____ 2. A patient with HIV asks the nurse if thinking about dying frequently is common with HIV. What is an appropriate response by the nurse?
| a. | “HIV is a serious disease that results in death.” |
| b. | “Thinking about death will not change the prognosis.” |
| c. | “HIV is now considered a chronic disease with treatment.” |
| d. | “HIV has a very high mortality rate, so it is realistic to plan for death.” |
____ 3. The nurse is caring for a patient with HIV. For which common opportunistic infection should the nurse observe when caring for this patient?
| a. | Toxoplasmosis |
| b. | Cryptococcosis |
| c. | Candida albicans |
| d. | Cryptosporidiosis |
____ 4. The nurse contributed to a staff education program about transmission precautions to use when caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which statement by a staff member indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
| a. | “Wear a mask for any patient contact.” |
| b. | “Wear a waterproof gown at all times.” |
| c. | “Wear clean gloves for body fluid contact.” |
| d. | “Wear sterile gloves for any patient contact.” |
____ 5. The nurse is reinforcing teaching on transmission of HIV for a family of a patient diagnosed with HIV. Which explanation by the nurse would be correct?
| a. | “HIV can be spread by casual contact.” |
| b. | “HIV lives for long periods outside the body.” |
| c. | “HIV is most commonly transmitted via tears and saliva.” |
| d. | “HIV enters the body through breaks in the skin or mucous membranes.” |
MULTIPLE CHOICE
The immune system is damaged by HIV, and ability to combat infections may be severely compromised. A minor infection for most people may kill a person who has AIDS. The priority goal for patients with HIV is to remain free of infections. A. Remaining socially active could lead to an infection. B. Having a high self-esteem is important although not the priority for nursing care. D. Maintaining baseline weight is more likely to occur if the patient remains free of infection.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment—Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Application
HIV disease is characterized as a chronic disease rather than a life-ending illness. “Cocktails” of multiple antiretroviral drugs have reduced viral loads in the bloodstream and increased CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, resulting in prolonged survival. A. B. D. Not everyone who is HIV positive develops AIDS and dies. The patient should be encouraged to think about the positive treatment available and not about the possibility of dying.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity | Cognitive Level: Application
Candida albicans is a fungus normally found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that does not infect a person with a healthy immune system. It is one of the common infections that can occur with AIDS.A. Toxoplasmosis is associated with cleaning cat litter. B. Cryptococcus is transmitted through contact with birds. D. Cryptosporidiosis can be transmitted through working with animals.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application
Use standard precautions and wear clean gloves for body fluid contact to protect the health care worker. A. HIV is not an airborne disease. B. A waterproof gown is only necessary if splashes are likely. D. Sterile gloves are not necessary for protection.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment—Safety and Infection Control | Cognitive Level: Analysis
HIV enters the body through breaks in the skin or mucous membranes. A. B. C. HIV is not spread by casual contact, does not live outside the body for long periods, and is not most commonly transmitted via tears and saliva. It is transmitted mainly by infected blood exposure.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
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