Chapter 20: Trauma and Surgical Management

Chapter 20: Trauma and Surgical Management

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following best defines the term traumatic injury?

ANS:   C

Many patients who sustain traumatic injury are under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or other substances. Rehabilitation potential depends on multiple factors, including severity of injury, patient age, and comorbidities. Heart disease and cancer claim more lives than trauma, but trauma claims lives of predominantly young individuals.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand/Comprehension                      REF:    p. 556

OBJ:    Identify mechanisms of traumatic injury commonly seen in the critical care setting.

TOP:    Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity

2. When providing information on trauma prevention, it is important to realize that individuals age 35 to 54 years are most likely to experience which type of trauma incident?

ANS:   B

People age 35 to 54 years are at greater risk of experiencing poisonings from prescription and/or illegal drugs resulting in unintentional injury, followed by motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). MVCs and homicide are the leading causes of death for individuals age 16 to 24 years, and falls are responsible for traumatic injuries in those 65 years and older. Domestic violence is not well defined as an age-related trauma incident.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand/Comprehension                      REF:    p. 556

OBJ:    Identify mechanisms of traumatic injury commonly seen in the critical care setting.

TOP:    Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity

3. An 18-year-old unrestrained passenger who sustained multiple traumatic injuries from a motor vehicle crash has a blood pressure of 80/60 mm Hg at the scene. This patient should be treated at which level trauma center?

ANS:   A

Because the patient is hypotensive and was unrestrained, the patient is at higher risk for more severe injuries related to the mechanism of injury; thus, treatment should occur at a level I trauma center. Patients with less severe injuries can be treated at lower-level trauma centers.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember/Knowledge

REF:    p. 558 | Table 20-1

OBJ:    Discuss prehospital care, emergency care, and resuscitation of the trauma patient.

TOP:    Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment

4. Which of the following injuries would result in a greater likelihood of internal organ damage and risk for infection?

ANS:   B

The penetrating injury of the gunshot wound would cause the greatest amount of injury because of the kinetic energy and dispersion pattern of the shotgun ammunition once it penetrated the body. A fall would cause a compression injury from the blunt force of the fall. The knife wound would cause a penetrating injury in which the magnitude of the injury would depend on damage to the vessels and lung. Blunt chest trauma that may include a cardiac contusion is possible following an injury in which the patient hits the steering column.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyze/Analysis   REF:    p. 563

OBJ:    Formulate a plan of care for the trauma patient, including prevention of complications.      TOP:            Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity