Chapter 21: Diet and Cancer

Nutrition And Diet Therapy- 6th Edition by Carroll A. Lutz and Erin E. Mazur

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Chapter 21: Diet and Cancer

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

  1. Obesity is most clearly linked to which of the following cancers?
  2. Larynx
  3. Prostate
  4. Lung
  5. Postmenopausal breast

 

Ans: 4

  Feedback
1. Obesity and accumulation of body fat in adulthood contributes to cancers of the colon, kidney, pancreas, endometrium, gallbladder, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, as well as postmenopausal breast cancer. Obesity is not linked to laryngeal cancer.
2. Obesity and accumulation of body fat in adulthood contributes to cancers of the colon, kidney, pancreas, endometrium, gallbladder, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, as well as postmenopausal breast cancer. Obesity is not linked to prostate cancer.
3. Obesity and accumulation of body fat in adulthood contributes to cancers of the colon, kidney, pancreas, endometrium, gallbladder, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, as well as postmenopausal breast cancer. Obesity is not linked to lung cancer.
4. Obesity and accumulation of body fat in adulthood contributes to cancers of the colon, kidney, pancreas, endometrium, gallbladder, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, as well as postmenopausal breast cancer.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

 

 

  1. Regarding the connection between methods of cooking meat and the risk of cancer, which of the following statements is true?
  2. Pot-roasting and stewing produces carcinogens known to cause cancer in animals.
  3. Consumption of rare meat is a recognized risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer.
  4. Individuals have genetic differences in enzymes that influence the activation of carcinogens.
  5. Microwaving inactivates carcinogens that form in protein foods during cooking.

 

Ans: 3

  Feedback
1. Pot-roasting and stewing reduce the amount of heterocyclic aromatic amines (carcinogens) released.
2. Consumption of rare meat has not been shown as a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer.
3. Genetics affect the mobilization of the body’s defenses. Individuals vary in their metabolizing enzymes to activate potential carcinogens and, in defense of the body, to counter oxidative stress and to repair damaged DNA. The ability to manage and prevent oxidative stress depends on functioning endogenous and exogenous antioxidant defense systems, both of which may be influenced by individual genetic variation.
4. Microwaving has been shown to help alleviate the changes in taste sensation, such as bitterness. {AU/ED: this answer doesn’t seem to be relevant to the topic at hand.}

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

 

 

  1. Some evidence suggests which of the following vegetables are specifically protective against cancer?
  2. Corn and peas
  3. Brussels sprouts and broccoli
  4. Bean sprouts and water chestnuts
  5. Green beans and spinach

 

Ans: 2

  Feedback
1. Corn and peas have not been associated with providing a protective effect against cancer.
2. Cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts and broccoli have been shown to bolster defenses against prostate, bladder, and lung cancer.
3. Bean sprouts and water chestnuts have not been associated with providing a protective effect against cancer.
4. Green beans and spinach have not been shown to have a protective effect against cancer.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

 

 

  1. Which of the following foods is likely to be well received by a cancer client with mouth ulcerations?
  2. Hot tomato soup
  3. Cold lemonade
  4. Pasteurized eggnog
  5. Bread pudding with raisins

 

Ans: 3

  Feedback
1. Cold rather than hot liquids can provide a numbing effect and may be better tolerated than hot foods.
2. Although cold is often better tolerated, lemonade is acidic and can be problematic.
3. Pasteurized eggnog is mild and also provides much nutrition for the volume ingested.
4. Bread pudding with raisins, although soft, can be irritating because of the raisins. Additionally, it is often served hot, which is not well tolerated.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | Cognitive Level: Application

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