Gerontological Nursing The Essential Guide to Clinical Practice, 2nd Edition by Patricia A.
Gerontological Nursing The Essential Guide to Clinical Practice, 2nd Edition by Patricia A.
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Chapter 21- Digestion and Bowel Elimination
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | The nurse teaches an 87-year-old inactive client about avoiding constipation. Which of the following fluid and diet choices should the nurse include in the teaching? | |
| A) | Avoid beverages with caffeine | |
| B) | Drink iced liquids | |
| C) | Encourage low-residue foods | |
| D) | Increase intake of fruit juices | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| It is important for older adults to incorporate good fluid intake, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables to promote bowel health. | ||
| Origin: Chapter 21- Digestion and Bowel Elimination, 2
Chapter: 21 Client Needs: D4 Cognitive Level: Analysis Difficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Nursing process Objective: 1 Page and Header: 290, Effects of Aging on Gastrointestinal Health |
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| 2. | Which of the following statements by older adult clients should the nurse interpret as a potential pathological process rather than a normal age-related change? | |
| A) | “Food just doesn’t seem to have as much taste as it did when I was younger.” | |
| B) | “I feel like it takes so much longer to digest my meals than it used to.” | |
| C) | “Even when I have a bowel movement it often doesn’t feel like it’s complete.” | |
| D) | “I tend to regurgitate a lot of my food after a meal these days.” | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Regurgitation is indicative of GERD or a hiatal hernia. Decreased taste sensation, lower gastric motility, and incomplete bowel movements are considered normal, age-related changes. | ||
| Origin: Chapter 21- Digestion and Bowel Elimination, 3
Chapter: 21 Client Needs: D1 Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Nursing process Objective: 1 Page and Header: 290, Effects of Aging on Gastrointestinal Health |
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| 3. | The nurse discusses nutritional health with an 89-year-old client whose total protein level is 5 (abnormally low). Which of the following physiological changes should the nurse interpret as a potential pathological process rather than a normal age-related change? | |
| A) | Decreased amounts of pepsinogen released in the stomach | |
| B) | Decreased peristalsis of the esophagus and stomach | |
| C) | Decreased taste sensations, decreasing food intake | |
| D) | Decreased teeth and chewing ability | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Tooth loss is not a normal aging change. Esophageal motility and stomach motility decrease with advanced age causing presbyesophagus. The stomach has a higher pH as a result of the declines in hydrochloric acid and pepsin (converted pepsinogen), which can interfere with the absorption of proteins. The tongue atrophies, affecting the taste buds and decreasing taste sensations. | ||
| Origin: Chapter 21- Digestion and Bowel Elimination, 4
Chapter: 21 Client Needs: D1 Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Nursing process Objective: 2 Page and Header: 293, Dental Problems |
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| 4. | The nurse discusses dental health with an 81-year-old client. Which of the following statements, when made by the client is identified as true? | |
| A) | “Everyone loses their teeth, it’s natural.” | |
| B) | “I can’t get any cavities any more, only young people get them.” | |
| C) | “Fluoride treatments might help strengthen the enamel on my teeth.” | |
| D) | “There is no treatment for my bad teeth and poor appetite.” | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Topical fluoride treatments are beneficial to the teeth of older persons. Tooth loss is related to periodontal disease, not aging. Whereas the incidence of caries decreases with age, it is still present. | ||
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