Chapter 22: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Chapter 22: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is associated with
a. hyporesponsiveness of airways.
b. unknown precipitating factors.
c. IgE-mediated airway inflammation.
d. irreversible airway obstruction.
ANS: C
Extrinsic (allergic) asthma is mediated by IgE triggers. Allergic (extrinsic) asthma involves hyperresponsiveness of the airways.
Antigens are the precipitating factors. Airway obstruction is reversible.
REF: Pg. 476
2. Copious amounts of foul-smelling sputum are generally associated with
a. emphysema.
b. epiglottitis.
c. pulmonary edema.
d. bronchiectasis.
ANS: D
Copious, foul-smelling respiratory secretions are associated with bronchiectasis. Copious, foul-smelling respiratory secretions are
not associated with emphysema, epiglottitis, or pulmonary edema.
REF: Pgs. 489-490
3. Emphysema results from destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries, which is due to
a. release of proteolytic enzymes from immune cells.
b. air trapping with resultant excessive alveolar pressure.
c. excessive 1-antitrypsin.
d. autoantibodies against pulmonary basement membrane.
ANS: A
The pathologic changes leading to alveolar destruction are associated with the release of proteolytic enzymes from inflammatory
cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. While air trapping occurs in emphysema, the destruction of alveolar walls and
capillaries is due to release of proteolytic enzymes. Lack of 1-antitrypsin can result in emphysema. Autoantibodies are not
involved in destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries in emphysema.
REF: Pg. 487
4. Chronic bronchitis often leads to cor pulmonale because of
a. ventricular hypoxia.
b. increased pulmonary vascular resistance.
c. left ventricular strain.
d. hypervolemia.
ANS: B
Chronic bronchitis often leads to cor pulmonale due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance when right ventricular end-diastolic
pressure increases. Ventricular hypoxia, left ventricular strain, and hypervolemia do not lead to cor pulmonale.
REF: Pgs. 483-484
5. All obstructive pulmonary disorders are characterized by
a. resistance to airflow.
b. hyperresponsiveness.
c. decreased residual volumes.
d. decreased lung compliance.
ANS: A
Obstructive lung diseases are characterized by increased resistance to airflow. Only asthma is characterized by hyperresponsiveness.
Increased residual volume is common in obstructive pulmonary disorders. Emphysema is characterized by increased lung
compliance due to loss of alveoli and elastic tissue.