Chapter 22: Respiratory Function

Chapter 22: Respiratory Function

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse best maximizes an older adult’s potential to avoid developing a postsurgical respiratory infection by:

ANS:  C

Older adults have a decrease in the number and effectiveness of cilia in the tracheobronchial tree, which results in increasing difficulty clearing secretions. The other activities also help avoid atelectasis and infection, but evaluating the patient’s ability to cough and deep breathe can indicate that other treatment measures may be needed postoperatively.

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2. An older adult’s pulmonary function studies indicate that his vital capacity is reduced and his residual volume is increased. The nurse recognizes that these test results are observed in the patient’s:

ANS:  B

Normal aging results in the progressive loss of elastic recoil of the lung parenchyma and conducting airways as well as reduced elastic recoil of the lung and the opposing forces of the chest wall. The lung becomes less elastic as collagenic substances surrounding the alveoli and alveolar ducts stiffen and form cross-linkages that interfere with the elastic properties of the lungs. Any and all of these structural changes make it more difficult for the older person to ventilate.

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3. The nurse is concerned about an older adult patient developing toxic levels of the prescribed theophylline when it is determined that the patient has a(n):

ANS:  A

Theophylline is a medication that is affected by smoking, which increases serum drug levels. The other factors do not affect the pharmacokinetics of this drug.

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4. The nurse is aware of the typical occurrence of comorbidities in the older adult. Motivated by this knowledge, the nurse assesses a patient with diagnosed respiratory dysfunction for possible:

ANS:  A

In addition, older patients are more likely to have comorbidities involving the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Peripheral circulation is a possible cardiovascular problem that would result in poor wound healing. The other options are not related to having a respiratory dysfunction.

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