Chapter 22: The Neurologic System

Chapter 22: The Neurologic System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is caring for the patient who has had an injury to the hypothalamus. Which intervention will the nurse be most concerned with implementing?

a.	Maintaining environmental temperature control
b.	Monitoring for signs of hemorrhage
c.	Protecting the eyes from bright lights
d.	Providing care designed to preserve skin integrity

 

 

ANS:  A

The hypothalamus regulates body temperature; therefore, it is important to maintain adequate temperature control of the environment since the body’s ability to regulate the temperature will be affected by injury to the organ. Bleeding, photophobia, and skin integrity are not issues associated with the hypothalamus.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   473 | Table 22-1

OBJ:   6 (theory)       TOP:   Hypothalamus

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

2. The nurse differentiates the sympathetic from the parasympathetic nervous systems in that the sympathetic system:

a.	provides energy for “fight or flight” in stressful situations.
b.	slows the heart rate after a stressful situation.
c.	supports deep sleep after large expenditures of energy.
d.	relaxes blood vessels to counteract hypertension.

 

 

ANS:  A

The sympathetic nervous system “gears up” the body for “fight or flight” situations with epinephrine that will raise the blood pressure, reduce bowel motility, and energize the whole body to defend itself in a stressful situation.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   476 | Table 22-3

OBJ:   2 (theory)       TOP:   Sympathetic Nervous System

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. The nurse assessing an 80-year-old attributes the slowed knee jerk reflex with which age-related change?

a.	Diminished brain cells
b.	Degeneration of myelin sheath
c.	Weakened muscles
d.	Irritation of nerve roots

 

 

ANS:  B

Loss of nerve fibers in the autonomic nervous system will cause diminished reflexes in the older adult.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   478                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   PNS: Diminished Reflexes               KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. A student nurse questions the nurse about the difference between a quadriplegic and a tetraplegic patient. The nurse correctly reports that a tetraplegic patient:

a.	has fewer fine motor movements.
b.	can experience pain in paralyzed parts.
c.	is more easily rehabilitated.
d.	means the same as a quadriplegic.

 

 

ANS:  D

Tetraplegia is the newer term for the old term quadriplegia.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   492                OBJ:   1 (theory)

TOP:   Tetraplegia vs. Quadriplegia            KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

5. The nurse requesting the patient to stick out the tongue and move it rapidly from side to side is assessing the __________ nerve.

a.	hypoglossal
b.	glossopharyngeal
c.	vagal
d.	abducens

 

 

ANS:  A

The test described is the test for the effectiveness of the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), which is a cranial motor nerve responsible for tongue movement and articulation of speech.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   475 | Table 22-2

OBJ:   5 (theory)       TOP:   Cranial Nerve Assessment

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment   MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance