Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing 5th Edition by Linda S. Williams Paula D. Hopper
Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing 5th Edition by Linda S. Williams Paula D. Hopper
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Chapter 23. Nursing Care of Patients With Valvular, Inflammatory, and Infectious Cardiac or Venous Disorders
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a patient who has a mitral valve prolapse. What information should be included?
| a. | “Begin a home aerobic exercise program.” |
| b. | “Perform hourly leg exercises if lying down.” |
| c. | “Deep breathe and cough hourly when awake.” |
| d. | “You may have a possible need for prophylactic anticoagulants.” |
____ 2. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who has had a mechanical valve replacement. What should be included regarding safety during warfarin (Coumadin) therapy?
| a. | Wear Medic-Alert identification. |
| b. | Use a straight razor when shaving. |
| c. | Keep yearly blood test appointments. |
| d. | Increase intake of green leafy vegetables. |
____ 3. The nurse is collecting data from a patient who has mitral stenosis. For which condition should the nurse assess in the patient’s history?
| a. | Meningitis |
| b. | Scarlet fever |
| c. | Rheumatic fever |
| d. | Rheumatoid arthritis |
____ 4. The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient with aortic stenosis. Which statement indicates that the patient correctly understands what happens in aortic stenosis?
| a. | “There is impaired emptying of the left ventricle.” |
| b. | “There is impaired emptying of the right ventricle.” |
| c. | “There is backflow of blood into the left ventricle.” |
| d. | “There is backflow of blood into the right ventricle.” |
____ 5. A patient with mitral regurgitation asks what the health problem means. What should the nurse explain to the patient?
| a. | “There is impaired emptying of the left atrium.” |
| b. | “There is backflow of blood into the left atrium.” |
| c. | “There is impaired emptying of the right atrium.” |
| d. | “There is backflow of blood into the right atrium.” |
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Aspirin or anticoagulants may be ordered to help prevent formation of blood clots on the valve. A. The patient should follow the health care provider’s instructions for an exercise program. B. There is no evidence to support the need for the patient to perform leg exercises every hour. C. There is no evidence to support that the patient needs to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises every hour while awake.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application
If the patient is on anticoagulants for mechanical valve replacement, medical identification should be used. D. A steady (rather than fluctuating) amount of green leafy vegetables should be eaten so that international normalized ratio (INR) values do not fluctuate due to the vitamin K found in these foods. C. Monthly blood tests are done. B. Avoid a straight razor to avoid cuts and bleeding.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies | Cognitive Level: Application
The major cause of mitral stenosis is rheumatic fever. A. B. D. Meningitis, scarlet fever, or rheumatoid arthritis are not associated with the development of mitral stenosis.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Physiological Adaptation | Cognitive Level: Application
Blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta is obstructed through the stenosed aortic valve, and the left ventricle fails to move blood forward. B. Aortic stenosis does not impair blood flow from the right ventricle. C. D. A backflow of blood into the left or right ventricle does not occur with aortic stenosis.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Physiological Adaptation | Cognitive Level: Analysis
Mitral regurgitation is the incomplete closure of the mitral valve leaflets, which allows backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction of the left ventricle. A. C. D. Mitral regurgitation is not characterized by impaired emptying of the left or right atrium or a backflow of blood into the right atrium.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
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