Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 10th Edition
Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 10th Edition
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Chapter 23: The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| a. | Bones of chest but not the heart |
| b. | Measurement of electrical potential generated from heart muscle |
| c. | Permanent record of heart size and configuration |
| d. | Computerized image of heart vessels and tissues |
ANS: C
A chest radiograph will provide information on the heart size and pulmonary blood-flow patterns. It will provide a baseline for future comparisons. The heart will be visible, as well as the sternum and ribs. Electrocardiography (ECG) measures the electrical potential generated from heart muscle. Echocardiography will produce a computerized image of the heart vessels and tissues by using sound waves.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: p. 738
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | Cardiac arrhythmia |
| b. | Hypostatic pneumonia |
| c. | Heart failure |
| d. | Rapidly increasing blood pressure |
ANS: A
Because a catheter is introduced into the heart, a risk exists of catheter-induced dysrhythmias occurring during the procedure. These are usually transient. Hypostatic pneumonia, heart failure, and rapidly increasing blood pressure are not risks usually associated with cardiac catheterization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: p. 739
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | Directed at his parents because he is too young to understand |
| b. | Detailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect |
| c. | Done several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared |
| d. | Adapted to his level of development so that he can understand |
ANS: D
Preoperative teaching should always be directed at the child’s stage of development. The caregivers also benefit from the same explanations. The parents may ask additional questions, which should be answered, but the child needs to receive the information based on developmental level. Preschoolers will not understand in-depth descriptions and should be prepared close to the time of the cardiac catheterization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: p. 739
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
| a. | Postural drainage will be performed every 4 to 6 hours after the test. |
| b. | It is necessary to be completely “asleep” during the test. |
| c. | The test is short, usually taking less than 1 hour. |
| d. | When the procedure is done, you will have to keep your leg straight for at least 4 hours. |
ANS: D
The child’s leg will have to be maintained in a straight position for approximately 4 hours. Younger children can be held in the parent’s lap with the leg maintained in the correct position. Postural drainage will not be performed unless the child has corresponding pulmonary problems. The child should be sedated to lie still, but being completely asleep is not necessary. The test will vary in length of time from start to finish.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: p. 739
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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