Chapter 24: Gastrointestinal Function

Chapter 24: Gastrointestinal Function

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. An 80-year-old patient has nausea and vomiting related to a gastrointestinal disorder. The nursing intervention most likely to help the patient is to:

ANS:  A

Nursing interventions for nausea and vomiting include many self-help measures, including drinking clear liquids, progressing from eating bland foods to solid foods, and small frequent feedings. If vomiting occurs, fluid replacement should be a priority. Sips of fluids every 15 minutes until more can be tolerated may decrease episodes of dehydration. The position of the patient is unimportant. The patient should avoid nonclear liquids such as milkshakes. If the patient cannot keep even sips down, he or she may be prescribed NPO status.

DIF:    Understanding (Comprehension)      REF:   Page 480        OBJ:   24-6

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  Physiologic Integrity

2. When preparing to discharge an older patient with mild dysphagia, the nurse suggests that the patient can minimize symptoms by:

ANS:  A

Instruction regarding eating habits and maintaining weight and nutrition is important. For example, small, frequent meals, pureed or soft foods, and high-protein, high-calorie foods are helpful. Thin liquids are often harder to swallow than thickened ones. Nutrient-dense foods are important, but so is maintaining calorie requirements.

DIF:    Understanding (Comprehension)      REF:   Page 488        OBJ:   24-6

TOP:   Teaching-Learning                          MSC:  Health Promotion

3. An older patient is being taught about oral gingivitis. The nurse has included instruction about maintaining an oral hygiene program, signs and symptoms of oral infection, and the importance of maintaining regular professional dental care. What important teaching has been missed?

ANS:  D

Nursing management of an older patient with gingivitis or periodontitis includes promotion of regular oral hygiene, regular preventive dental care, and maintenance of nutritional status. In addition, instructing the patient on the signs and symptoms of oral infections is also an important component of patient education. The other topics are not warranted.

DIF:    Understanding (Comprehension)      REF:   Page 487        OBJ:   24-6

TOP:   Teaching-Learning                          MSC:  Health Promotion

4. An older adult patient has recently diagnosed gastritis. What statement made by this patient indicates the need for further teaching?

ANS:  C

Acute gastritis causes transient inflammation, hemorrhages, and erosion into the gastric mucosal lining. Although the cause may be undetermined, it is frequently associated with alcoholism, aspirin or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) ingestion, smoking, and severely stressful conditions such as burns, trauma, central nervous system damage, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It can cause abdominal pain. Smoking is a risk factor. The patient could develop pernicious anemia.

DIF:    Evaluating (Evaluation)                   REF:   N/A                OBJ:   24-6

TOP:    Nursing Process: Evaluation      MSC:   Physiologic Integrity