Chapter 25: Taking the Next Steps: Critical Thinking

Chapter 25: Taking the Next Steps: Critical Thinking

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. In practice, the use of evidence:

a.	disciplines intuitive responses.
b.	replaces intuitive responses.
c.	makes intuitive responses inconsequential.
d.	affirms intuitive responses.

 

 

ANS:  A

Your best intuitive responses are valuable in making clinical judgments; however, they must be modified in light of evidence from research and best practices that have undergone critical review prior to publication.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   p. 610

OBJ:   Nursing process—evaluating            MSC:  Safe and Effective Care: Management of Care

 

2. After the subjective and objective data have been prioritized, the next step is to:

a.	order laboratory tests.
b.	formulate a problem list.
c.	initiate appropriate referrals.
d.	initiate therapy.

 

 

ANS:  B

After the data have been prioritized, the next step is to begin a management plan. The first step is to formulate a problem list. This step is similar to the step in the nursing process when nursing diagnoses are identified and prioritized. Ordering tests, making referrals, or initiating therapy comes after the problem list.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)             REF:   p. 610

OBJ:   Nursing process—evaluating            MSC:  Safe and Effective Care: Management of Care

 

3. New findings of unknown causes are:

a.	problems to be noted on the problem list.
b.	deferred for subsequent visits.
c.	diagnosed before physical examination.
d.	reserved for specialists.

 

 

ANS:  A

New findings of unknown causes are added to the problem list, but do not let them become a red herring that distracts your attention from the central issues.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)             REF:   p. 610

OBJ:   Nursing process—diagnosis             MSC:  Safe and Effective Care: Management of Care

 

4. Which of the following is an accepted method of making a diagnosis?

a.	Relying on intuition
b.	Making maximal use of laboratory tests
c.	Using first assumptions
d.	Using algorithms

 

 

ANS:  D

Methods to make a diagnosis include recognizing patterns, sampling the universe, and using algorithms. Do not rely on intuition, extensive use of laboratory findings, or always going with your first assumptions.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)                    REF:   p. 611

OBJ:   Nursing process—diagnosis             MSC:  Safe and Effective Care: Management of Care

 

5. The adage that “common problems occur commonly” advises the practitioner to:

a.	always diagnose the patient’s problem in terms of what their practice usually sees.
b.	refer any uncommon complaints to specialists as soon as possible.
c.	consider the most likely cause of the patient’s problem before considering the obscure.
d.	examine uncommon problems critically before assuming that the issue is an unusual presentation of a common problem.

 

 

ANS:  C

This adage is to guide the practitioner to pay attention to unexpected or unusual findings but not to allow the critical review lead one astray from the central issue.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)                              REF:   p. 611

OBJ:   Nursing process—diagnosis             MSC:  Safe and Effective Care: Management of Care