Chapter 25: The Sensory System: Eye and Ear

Chapter 25: The Sensory System: Eye and Ear

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which component in the eye refracts light rays to be directed to the lens?

a.	Pupil
b.	Cornea
c.	Retina
d.	Ciliary body

 

 

ANS:  B

The cornea bends or refracts the light rays onto the retina. The pupil acts to regulate the entrance of light into the eye. The ciliary body helps to change the shape of the eye for far and near vision. The retina is the inner coat of the eyeball and is found in the posterior portion of it. The retina contains several layers. The layer with rods and cones acts as the receptor for light images.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   572

OBJ:   1 (clinical)      TOP:   Cornea: Function

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. A tonometer reading reflects the amount of pressure exerted by which component of the eye?

a.	Sclera
b.	Aqueous humor
c.	Vitreous humor
d.	Cornea

 

 

ANS:  B

The tonometer reads the pressure exerted by the aqueous humor in the anterior chamber. The sclera is the part of the eyeball that is opaque white and covers the posterior portion of the eyeball. The vitreous humor is the substance found in the posterior chamber of the eye between the lens and the retina. The cornea is a transparent structure in the eye that allows light to hit the lens. It is involved in the bending of light rays.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   572, 577, Table 25-2

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Optic Pressure

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. During examination of the fundus of the eye, the nurse assesses a choked disc. Which statement accurately explains the significant of this finding?

a.	The disc has an infarct.
b.	There is increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
c.	There is significant hypertension.
d.	The lens has become opaque.

 

 

ANS:  B

Visualization of the optic disc provides information about the pressure within the eye and within the skull. When ICP gets higher, the optic disc appears “swollen” or “choked.”

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   572

OBJ:   2 (theory)       TOP:   Fundus Assessment: Choked Disc

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment   MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. An office assistant tells the nurse his job requires him to work at his computer for 7 to 8 hours each day. Which statement indicates that the nurse’s teaching about preventing eyestrain has been successful?

a.	“I will wear protective goggles while working.”
b.	“I will eat more carrots and cooked spinach.”
c.	“I will close my eyes every few hours.”
d.	“I will instill artificial tears each hour while working.”

 

 

ANS:  C

To prevent eyestrain, the patient should rest the eye muscles periodically when working at the computer or performing any activity that demands intensive visual effort. Resting the eye muscles every several hours helps prevent eye fatigue. Protective goggles do not help prevent eyestrain. Nutrients such as lutein and zeaxanthin are found in carrots and cooked spinach and are good for the eyes but do not reduce eyestrain. Overuse of artificial tears is not recommended, and proper usage works to combat dry eyes.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   574

OBJ:   1 (clinical)      TOP:   Eye Rest         KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. The nurse is reviewing the health history of a 26-year-old patient who denies corrective lenses. Which scenario indicates that the patient follows preventive eye examination recommendations?

a.	The patient has had annual eye examinations since age 18.
b.	The patient’s last eye examination occurred at age 10.
c.	The patient had a baseline eye examination at age 25.
d.	The patient has never had an eye examination.

 

 

ANS:  C

Starting at age 25, adults should have an eye examination every 5 to 10 years until age 40, every 2 to 4 years from 40 to 54, and every 1 to 3 years from 55 to 64. After age 65, eyes should be examined by an eye specialist every 1 to 2 years (AHRQ, 2014).

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   574-575

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Periodic Eye Examination: Frequency

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease