Chapter 26: Antibacterials

Chapter 26: Antibacterials

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The nurse notes that the provider has ordered serum drug peak and trough levels. The nurse understands that these tests are necessary for which type of drugs?

a.	Drugs with a broad spectrum
b.	Drugs with a narrow spectrum
c.	Drugs with a broad therapeutic index
d.	Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index

 

 

ANS:   D

Medications with a narrow therapeutic index have a limited range between the therapeutic dose and a toxic dose. It is important to monitor these medications closely by evaluating regular serum peak and trough levels.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)               REF:    p. 343

TOP:    Nursing Process: Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The patient has a serum drug trough of 1.5 mcg/mL. The normal trough for this drug is 1.7 to 2.2 mcg/mL. What will the nurse expect the patient to experience?

a.	Inadequate drug effects
b.	Increased risk for superinfection
c.	Minimal adverse effects
d.	Slowed onset of action

 

 

ANS:   A

Low peak levels may indicate that the medication is below the therapeutic level. They do not indicate altered risk for superinfection, a decrease in adverse effects, or a slowed onset of action.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)               REF:    p. 343

TOP:    Nursing Process: Analysis/Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the minimal effective concentration (MEC) of antibiotics. Which statement by the nursing student indicates understanding of this concept?

a.	“A serum drug level greater than the MEC ensures that the drug is bacteriostatic.”
b.	“A serum drug level greater than the MEC broadens the spectrum of the drug.”
c.	“A serum drug level greater than the MEC helps eradicate bacterial infections.”
d.	“A serum drug level greater than the MEC increases the therapeutic index.”

 

 

ANS:   C

The MEC is the minimum amount of drug needed to halt the growth of a microorganism. A level greater than the MEC helps eradicate infections. Drugs at or above the MEC are usually bactericidal, not bacteriostatic. Raising the drug level does not usually broaden the spectrum or increase the therapeutic index of a drug.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)               REF:    p. 344

TOP:    Nursing Process: N/A

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has recurrent urinary tract infections. The patient’s current infection is not responding to an antibiotic that has been used successfully several times in the past. The nurse understands that this is most likely due to

a.	acquired bacterial resistance.
b.	cross-resistance.
c.	inherent bacterial resistance.
d.	transferred resistance.

 

 

ANS:   A

Acquired resistance occurs when an organism has been exposed to the antibacterial drug. Cross-resistance occurs when an organism that is resistant to one drug is also resistant to another. Inherent resistance occurs without previous exposure to the drug. Transferred resistance occurs when the resistant genes of one organism are passed to another organism.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)               REF:    p. 344

TOP:    Nursing Process: Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies