Chapter 26: Caring for the Child With a Cardiovascular Condition

Chapter 26: Caring for the Child With a Cardiovascular Condition

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which is the average oxygen saturation of blood in the right atrium?

A.	25%
B.	50%
C.	70%
D.	98%

 

 

ANS:  C

The right atrium is the collecting chamber that receives blood from the entire body except for the lungs. The oxygen saturation of this blood is approximately 70%.

 

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering

Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity

Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Difficulty: Easy

 

PTS:   1

 

2. Which artery carries deoxygenated blood?

A.	Aorta
B.	Inferior vena cava
C.	Pulmonary artery
D.	Subclavian artery

 

 

ANS:  C

The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body to carry deoxygenated blood. It is an artery because it carries blood away from the heart.

 

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering

Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity

Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Difficulty: Easy

 

PTS:   1

 

3. What has the greatest influence on preload?

A.	Blood pressure
B.	Contractility
C.	Fluid volume
D.	Heart rate

 

 

ANS:  C

Preload is equivalent to venous blood return to the atria and end diastolic volumes of the heart. This is directly influenced by fluid volume. Heart rate and contractility have some influence, but they are not the major determinants of preload. Blood pressure is not a direct influence on preload.

 

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering

Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity

Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Difficulty: Moderate

 

PTS:   1

 

4. A nurse is teaching a community class on heart disease in children. Which information about prevention is most important for the nurse to share?

A.	Many conditions are genetic, and preventative gene therapy may become possible.
B.	Maintaining good control of diabetes and hypertension prevents most cases.
C.	Prevention is impossible because there are few known causes of heart disease.
D.	Taking 400 mg/day of folic acid will prevent most known cardiac diseases.

 

 

ANS:  A

Most cases of congenital cardiac disease have no known cause. The most accurate statement is that genetic causes of heart disease may be prevented with gene therapy in the future. Controlling chronic health conditions is important but not the most accurate answer. Prevention is not totally impossible. Folic acid is important but has the most impact on preventing neural tube defects.

 

Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering

Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity

Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Difficulty: Moderate

 

PTS:   1

 

5. A school-age child is brought to the clinic by a parent who reports that the child becomes short of breath with activity. Which assessment finding would the nurse correlate with this condition?

A.	Bulging fontanels
B.	Elevated brain natriuretic peptide
C.	Peripheral edema
D.	Weight loss

 

 

ANS:  B

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a measure of fluid overload, often seen in heart failure. An elevation in the laboratory value indicates that the child is retaining fluids. Bulging fontanels would not be seen in this age group. Children do not have peripheral edema, as is common in adults. Weight gain, not loss, would occur with fluid retention.

 

Cognitive Level: Application/Applying

Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity

Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

Difficulty: Moderate

 

PTS:   1