Chapter 27: Care of Patients with Disorders of the Eyes and Ears

Chapter 27: Care of Patients with Disorders of the Eyes and Ears

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse notices that the patient must hold the newspaper at arm’s length and squint to read. The most likely diagnosis will be:

a.	myopia.
b.	hyperopia.
c.	presbyopia.
d.	astigmatism.

 

 

ANS:  B

The person with hyperopia cannot see things near at hand and must change the distance from the eyes in order to focus. The person with myopia cannot see things in the distance. Presbyopia refers to the hardening of the ciliary bodies of the eyes. Astigmatism refers to a visual defect resulting from a warped lens or an irregular curvature of the cornea.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   594                OBJ:   1 (theory)

TOP:   Refraction Errors: Hyperopia           KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. The nurse explains that a photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a very brief surgery that corrects myopia by:

a.	using a laser to remove a thin layer of the cornea.
b.	using a laser to reshape the cornea, then replace the outer layer.
c.	making tiny cuts in the cornea to flatten it.
d.	using a laser to reshape the fundus.

 

 

ANS:  A

A PRK uses a laser to remove a thin layer of the cornea. The LASIK procedure uses a laser to reshape the cornea and replace the outer layer. Making tiny cuts in the cornea to flatten it refers to a radial keratotomy.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   595                OBJ:   4 (theory)

TOP:   PRK: Technique                              KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. A patient has developed keratitis. When planning care, the nurse would anticipate that the first intervention to improve the patient’s comfort would be the use of:

a.	eye shields.
b.	artificial tears.
c.	cold compresses.
d.	warm compresses.

 

 

ANS:  B

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea caused by irritation or infection. Artificial tears will reduce the irritation. Antibiotics can be given in the event of a bacterial infection. Eye shields and compresses are not indicated in the management of this condition.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   595                OBJ:   4 (theory)

TOP:   Keratitis: Initial Remedy                  KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

4. The patient with a corneal transplant asks how long he must wear the eye shield at night. The nurse’s best response is that wearing the shield at night will be necessary for _____ month(s).

a.	1
b.	2
c.	3
d.	6

 

 

ANS:  A

Nightly wearing of the eye shield following a corneal transplant is recommended for 1 month following surgery.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   596                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Corneal Transplant: Eye Shield Use

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

 

5. The nurse is discussing the postoperative period with a patient with a corneal transplant. Which statement concerning the improvement of vision indicates understanding?

a.	“I will have my full vision restored within 48 to 72 hours.”
b.	“It will take about 24 hours before I see improvement in my vision.”
c.	“My vision will show improvement in about 2 weeks.”
d.	“It may take about a month before my vision shows improvement.”

 

 

ANS:  C

Increasing visual acuity may take up to 2 weeks before improvement in vision is noted.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   596                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Corneal Transplant: Recovery Time

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation