Introductory Medical Surgical Nursing 11th Edition by Barbara K. Tim
Introductory Medical Surgical Nursing 11th Edition by Barbara K. Tim
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Chapter 27, Caring for Clients With Hypertension
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | A client has just been diagnosed with prehypertension. What would the nurse instruct this client to do to restore his blood pressure below hypertensive levels? | |
| A) | Increase iodine intake. | |
| B) | Decrease sodium intake. | |
| C) | Increase fluid intake. | |
| D) | Avoid over-the-counter decongestants. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The nurse should instruct clients with prehypertension to avoid or decrease sodium and iodine intake. Increasing fluid intake raises circulating blood volume and systemic vascular resistance. Over-the-counter decongestants decrease pulmonary congestion and not hypertension. | ||
| 2. | The nurse is caring for a client with malignant hypertension. What would be an appropriate nursing intervention for this client? | |
| A) | Monitor the client’s mental and emotional status every hour. | |
| B) | Monitor the blood pressure (BP) every few minutes by applying an automatic BP recording machine. | |
| C) | Monitor the client’s blood sugar every hour. | |
| D) | Monitor the client’s temperature every few minutes. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The nurse applies an automatic BP recording machine to the arm to measure the BP every few minutes. The nurse also keeps emergency equipment and drugs ready in case complications develop. Monitoring the client’s mental and emotional status, blood sugar, or temperature every few minutes will not reflect the sudden rise in BP of a client with malignant hypertension. | ||
| 3. | Which of the following diagnostic tests may reveal an enlarged left ventricle? | |
| A) | Echocardiography | |
| B) | Computed tomographic scan | |
| C) | Fluorescein angiography | |
| D) | Positron emission tomography (PET) scan | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Echocardiography reveals an enlarged left ventricle. Fluorescein angiography reveals leaking retinal blood vessels, and a PET scan is used to reveal abnormalities in blood pressure. A CT scan reveals structural abnormalities. | ||
| 4. | A female client, aged 82 years, visits the clinic for a blood pressure (BP) check. Her hypertension is not well controlled, and a new blood pressure medicine is prescribed. What is important for the nurse to teach this client about her blood pressure medicine? | |
| A) | Take the medicine on an empty stomach. | |
| B) | A possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when you stand. | |
| C) | There are no adverse effects from blood pressure medicine. | |
| D) | A severe drop in blood pressure is possible. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| A possible adverse effect of all antihypertensive drugs is postural hypotension, which can lead to falls. Teaching should include tips for managing syncope and dizziness. You would not teach the client to take the medicine on an empty stomach. | ||
| 5. | You are caring for a client with hypertension who is experiencing complications. What diagnostic test evaluates the efficiency or inefficiency of the heart to pump blood? | |
| A) | Echocardiography | |
| B) | Chest radiography | |
| C) | Computed tomography scan | |
| D) | Multiple gated acquisition (MUGA) scan | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The MUGA is a test that detects how efficiently or inefficiently the heart pumps blood. Echocardiography and chest radiography are used to reveal an enlarged left ventricle. The computed tomography scan is used to reveal abnormalities in blood pressure. | ||
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