Chapter 27: Disseminating Research Findings

Chapter 27: Disseminating Research Findings

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A master’s student states, in her thesis, that “despite public awareness programs to educate the public about the safety of pediatric immunizations, a staunch core of highly educated and well-informed parents continues to attribute the rise in childhood autism to vaccination. Because of this, recent efforts have been brought to bear in the qualitative arena, attempting to identify and isolate factoids and half-truths that perpetuate the myth. Nonetheless, mostly because belief structures appear bound by geography, not enough is known about reasons that some clusters of parents postpone or avoid vaccination.” The quotation is an example of a ___________ and appears in the ____________ section of the research report.

ANS:  C

The problem statement identifies the specific gap in the knowledge needed for practice. The introduction of a research report discusses the background and significance of the problem; identifies the problem statement and purpose, reviews the relevant empirical and theoretical literature, describes the study framework, and identifies the research purpose (aims, objectives, questions, or hypotheses if applicable).

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2. Prior to conducting a grounded theory study, in which eleven women undergoing radiation for breast cancer were interviewed multiple times, the researchers conducted a pilot study in which they interviewed three women every two weeks from the time radiation was planned until four weeks after it was completed. The purpose for the pilot study was to refine the interview instrument and to discover whether women would be willing to be interviewed this frequently about such a private topic. The pilot was not published separately, and the researcher wants to include information about revisions in the instrument during the pilot phase. Where would this be included in the research report?

ANS:  B

If the research project included a pilot study, in the methods section the researcher will briefly describe the planning, implementation, and results obtained from the pilot study. Any changes made in the research project based on the pilot study are mentioned here.

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3. Prior to conducting a grounded theory, in which eleven women undergoing radiation for breast cancer were interviewed multiple times, the researchers conducted a pilot study in which they interviewed three women every two weeks from the time radiation was planned until four weeks after it was completed. The purpose for the pilot study was to refine the interview instrument and to discover whether women would be willing to be interviewed this frequently about such a private topic. The pilot was not published separately, and the institutional review board application indicated the researcher’s intent to include information in the research report about what going through the process of radiation therapy was like for the three pilot study women, in addition to the eleven main study women. In this case, if it were not included in the method section, where would the information about the process of going through radiation therapy obtained from the pilot study women be included?

ANS:  B

If the research project included a pilot study, in the methods section the researcher will briefly describe the planning, implementation, and results obtained from the pilot study. Any changes made in the research project based on the pilot study are mentioned here. However, data analysis in qualitative research occurs concurrently with data collection. In addition, analysis of an interview’s data may result in additional questions being asked in subsequent interviews to confirm or not confirm initial interpretations of the data. Because of this, information related to the phenomenon and obtained in the pilot phase may be included in the results section.

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4. “All subjects were asked whether they would be willing to participate in this descriptive study, while they waited to be seen by a gastroenterologist, prior to their initial colonoscopies. They were given basic information about the research and told that participation was strictly voluntary, according to guidelines from the institutional review board (IRB) for the clinics and hospital. The research had been approved as minimal risk by the IRB. All thirty-one subjects asked to participate agreed to do so.” During the write-up of the study, the researcher should include this information about this process in which of the following sections?

ANS:  C

The data collection process was clear and concise; IRB approval was indicated; subjects’ informed consent was described; use of trained data collectors was addressed; and timing and setting was discussed.

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