Chapter 27: HIV, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Chapter 27: HIV, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which sexually transmitted disease can be prevented through immunization?

ANS:   C

At the time of this writing, HBV infection can be prevented by immunization; vaccines for the remaining options are not yet available.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    p. 511-512

2. What is the most common reason that people do not immediately seek medical treatment when they first become ill with HIV?

ANS:   C

When HIV enters the body, it can cause a flu-like syndrome referred to as a primary infection or acute retroviral syndrome. This may go unrecognized. The symptoms are similar to flu or a bad cold including sore throat, lethargy, rash, and fever and muscle pain. An antibody test at this stage is usually negative. So the person or a medical provider may not recognize the illness as HIV.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 512

3. A student asks the college nurse how AIDS is diagnosed. The nurse’s best response would be, “A diagnosis of AIDS is made when:

ANS:   D

AIDS is defined as a disabling or life-threatening illness caused by HIV; it is diagnosed in a person with a CD4 T-lymphocyte count of less than 200/ml with or without documented HIV infection. The HIV antibody test (usually the EIA) is the most commonly used screening test for determining whether the antibody to HIV is present but does not confirm AIDS. Positive results with the EIA are tested further with the Western blot test. However, false-negative results are frequent between 6 weeks and 3 months following exposure.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    p. 512

4. The correctional health nurse is doing a quick assessment on a newly admitted inmate who is HIV-positive. Besides follow-up tests to confirm or correct that diagnosis, what other test should the nurse do immediately?

ANS:   D

HIV-infected persons who live near one another, such as in correctional facilities, must be carefully screened and deemed noninfectious before admission to such settings. A person with HIV is more susceptible to opportunistic infections, the most common of which is TB.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application REF:    p. 512