Chapter 27: HIV Infection, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Chapter 27: HIV Infection, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented through immunization?

ANS:  C

At the time of this writing, HBV infection can be prevented by immunization; vaccines for the remaining options are not yet available.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)                  REF:   p. 503

2. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why people do not immediately seek medical treatment when they first become ill with HIV?

ANS:  C

When HIV enters the body, it can cause a flu-like syndrome referred to as a primary infection or acute retroviral syndrome. This may go unrecognized. The symptoms are similar to flu or a bad cold including sore throat, lethargy, rash, fever, and muscle pain. An antibody test at this stage is usually negative. So the person or a medical provider may not recognize the illness as HIV.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)                  REF:   p. 503

3. A client was clearly very relieved when an HIV test came back negative. “Thank goodness. I’ve had sex several times without a condom, and when one of my friends said he was sick, I think I panicked.” Which of the following would be most important to emphasize to the client immediately?

ANS:  D

The client needs to understand that the test cannot identify infections that may have been acquired within the previous 3 months before the test. Appearance of the HIV antibody can take up to 12 weeks. All persons who have an STD test should be counseled about risk-reduction activities before and after the test is done.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)                               REF:   p. 503

4. A student asks the nurse at the student health clinic how AIDS is diagnosed. Which of the following statements would be the best response by the nurse?

ANS:  D

AIDS is defined as a disabling or life-threatening illness caused by HIV; it is diagnosed in a person with a CD4 T-lymphocyte count of less than 200/ml with or without documented HIV infection. The HIV antibody test (usually the EIA) is the most commonly used screening test for determining whether the antibody to HIV is present but does not confirm AIDS. Positive results with the EIA are tested further with the Western blot test. However, false-negative results are frequent between 6 weeks and 3 months following exposure.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)                               REF:   p. 503