Chapter 27: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Chapter 27: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?

a.	Globulin	c.	Clotting factors
b.	Albumin	d.	Complement proteins

 

 

ANS:  B

Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the most abundant plasma protein.

 

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2. What is the effect of low plasma albumin?

a.	Clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding.
b.	Fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function.
c.	Less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia.
d.	Osmotic pressure decreases, thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium.

 

 

ANS:  D

In the case of decreased production (e.g., cirrhosis, other diffuse liver diseases, protein malnutrition) or excessive loss of albumin (e.g., certain kidney diseases, extensive burns), the reduced oncotic pressure leads to excessive movement of fluid and solutes into the tissues and decreased blood volume. The other options are not accurate descriptions of the effect of low plasma albumin.

 

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3. What is the life span of an erythrocyte (in days)?

a.	20 to 30	c.	100 to 120
b.	60 to 90	d.	200 to 240

 

 

ANS:  C

Because it cannot undergo mitotic division, the erythrocyte has a limited life span of approximately 120 days.

 

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4. Which statement concerning erythrocytes is true?

a.	Erythrocytes contain a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
b.	Erythrocytes synthesize proteins.
c.	Erythrocytes have the ability to change shape to squeeze through microcirculation.
d.	Erythrocyte colony-stimulating factor (E-CSF) stimulates erythrocytes.

 

 

ANS:  C

Reversible deformity enables the erythrocyte to assume a more compact torpedo-like shape, squeeze through the microcirculation, and return to normal. The other options are not accurate statements about erythrocytes.

 

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5. Granulocytes that contain granules of vasoactive amines, such as histamine, are called:

a.	Neutrophils	c.	Monocytes
b.	Eosinophils	d.	Basophils

 

 

ANS:  D

Basophils contain cytoplasmic granules that hold an abundant mixture of biochemical mediators, including histamine, chemotactic factors, proteolytic enzymes, and an anticoagulant (heparin) (see Figure 27-3, C). This is not an accurate description of any of the other options.

 

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