Chapter 28: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Chapter 28: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by

ANS:  A

The oliguric phase of ATN is characterized by fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance. Fever and diminishing cognition are not typical manifestations of ATN oliguric phase. During this phase sodium is lost in the urine and potassium is not excreted, and magnesium and phosphorous are retained in the body.

REF:   Pg. 599

2. Osteoporosis commonly occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease because of

ANS:  A

Osteoporosis commonly occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease because of hyperparathyroidism. Hypocalcemia occurs in end-stage renal disease. Insufficient active vitamin D would result in osteoporosis. Phosphate is retained in end-stage renal disease.

REF:   Pg. 603

3. Gastrointestinal drainage, perioperative and postoperative hypotension, and hemorrhage may all contribute to renal failure by causing

ANS:  B

Gastrointestinal drainage, perioperative and postoperative hypotension, and hemorrhage may all contribute to renal failure by causing acute tubular necrosis. Gastrointestinal drainage, perioperative and postoperative hypotension, and hemorrhage do not cause hydronephrosis, nephrosis, or renal inflammation.

REF:   Pgs. 595-596

4. Appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury includes

ANS:  A

Appropriate therapy for prerenal oliguria includes fluid administration; most often prerenal kidney injury is due to fluid volume deficit. Potassium supplements are not appropriate in prerenal oliguria, as potassium is not being excreted. Appropriate therapy for prerenal oliguria includes fluid administration. Protein restriction is not indicated in prerenal oliguria.

REF:    Pgs. 594-595