Chapter 28: The Gastrointestinal System

Chapter 28: The Gastrointestinal System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse cautions that constant stress can cause an alteration to the GI system, which can result in:

a.	slowed GI mobility resulting in constipation.
b.	reversed peristalsis resulting in projectile vomiting.
c.	increased digestive juices resulting in a gastric ulcer.
d.	decreased digestive juices resulting in ineffective metabolism.

 

 

ANS:  C

Stress increases the gastric secretions, which irritate and finally ulcerate the gastric mucosal lining.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   623                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Stress: Gastric Ulcer                        KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. In reviewing the physical assessments of several patients, the nurse recognizes that the patient most likely to have gallstones would be the:

a.	37-year-old white man of normal weight on long-term corticosteroids for asthma.
b.	42-year-old African American man of normal weight who has smoked for 25 years.
c.	46-year-old Indonesian woman who is under normal weight and has recently had radiation treatments.
d.	50-year-old obese Mexican American woman who has type 1 diabetes.

 

 

ANS:  D

Obesity, diabetes mellitus, rapid weight loss, and Crohn’s disease increase the risk for the development of gallstones. Native Americans and Mexican Americans have an ethnic predisposition to gallstones.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   623                OBJ:   1 (theory)

TOP:   Gallstones: Risk Factors                  KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. The home health nurse caring for the patient with tuberculosis who is taking rifampin and isoniazid (INH) will be alert for an indication of a common side effect of these drugs, which is:

a.	gallstones.
b.	liver disorders.
c.	bleeding ulcers.
d.	esophagitis.

 

 

ANS:  B

Rifampin and INH are both hepatotoxic.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   624                OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Liver Disorders: Etiology                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

 

4. In taking the history of a person with hepatitis A, an appropriate question for the nurse to ask is:

a.	“If using drugs, do you share needles?”
b.	“Do you always practice safe sex?”
c.	“Have you traveled to Canada in the last month?”
d.	“Do you eat shellfish or oysters often?”

 

 

ANS:  D

Shellfish and mollusks can be contaminated by living in feces-contaminated water. Drug use and unprotected sex are not part of the etiology of hepatitis A but are for hepatitis B. Travel to Canada is not associated with hepatitis A.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   625                OBJ:   1 (clinical)

TOP:   Hepatitis A: Etiology                       KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. When the patient complains, “I don’t see why I can’t have a CT scan instead of the expensive MRI,” the nurse clarifies that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study:

a.	provides better contrast between normal and pathologic tissue.
b.	requires less analysis and is easier to read.
c.	produces a digital image that can be transmitted via e-mail.
d.	exposes the patient to less radiation.

 

 

ANS:  A

The MRI uses radiofrequency signals to determine how hydrogen atoms behave in the magnetic field. In addition, the MRI provides a better contrast between healthy tissues and pathologic tissues.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   626                OBJ:   3 (theory)

TOP:   MRI: Advantages                            KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort