Chapter 30: Drug Therapy for Osteoporosis, Arthritis, and Skeletal Muscle Relaxation

Chapter 30: Drug Therapy for Osteoporosis, Arthritis, and Skeletal Muscle Relaxation

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

BASIC CONCEPTS

 

1. Which process replaces new bone cells within bone to keep the bone dense?

a.	Osteoporosis
b.	Osteoblastic activity
c.	Osteoclastic activity
d.	Bone resorption of calcium

 

 

ANS:  B

Osteoblastic activity is the replacement of new bone cells within an existing bone. Osteoclastic activity removes bone cells. Osteoporosis is the imbalance between osteoblastic activity and osteoclastic activity that results in decreased bone density. Bone resorption of calcium is the REMOVAL of calcium from bone storage sites, resulting in bone density loss.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 470

 

2. Which drug used to treat osteoporosis is available only by subcutaneous injection?

a.	Alendronate (Fosamax)
b.	Raloxifene (Evista)
c.	Ibandronate (Boniva)
d.	Denosumab (Prolia)

 

 

ANS:  D

Denosumab is administered by subcutaneous injection once every 6 months. Alendronate and raloxifene are oral drugs. Ibandronate may be administered orally or intravenously but not subcutaneously.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   pp. 472-473

 

3. In what way do uric acid synthesis inhibitors reduce gout symptoms?

a.	Increasing the amount of enzymes that enhance urinary excretion of uric acid
b.	Suppressing the reabsorption of sodium and calcium by the kidney tubules
c.	Decreasing the inflammation and pain caused by joint damage
d.	Suppressing the conversion of purines into uric acid crystals

 

 

ANS:  D

Most gout is cause by a metabolic problem in which the individual is not able to excrete uric acid at the same rate it is produced. Rasburicase works by breaking down uric acids so they can be eliminated. Uric acid synthesis work by reducing the amount of uric acid produced. They do not enhance urinary excretion or directly interfere with the process of inflammation. Additionally, they do not affect sodium or calcium reabsorption.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 474

 

4. Which bone or joint is most likely to be adversely affected by bisphosphonates?

a.	Eye orbit
b.	Jawbone
c.	Big toe
d.	Wrist

 

 

ANS:  B

The most serious adverse effect of the bisphosphonates is the development of jawbone necrosis (osteonecrosis), especially with tooth extraction or other invasive dental procedures involving the jawbone in which the bone is damaged. The exact mechanism by which these drugs cause osteonecrosis is not known but is thought to occur because the drugs interfere with bone healing.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: B                          REF:   p. 473

 

5. What is the maximum daily oral dose of allopurinol (Zyloprim) for an adult?

a.	100 mg
b.	400 mg
c.	800 mg
d.	1200 mg

 

 

ANS:  C

Usually the dose of allopurinol is started at 100 mg orally daily and is increased by 100 mg each week until serum uric acid levels are reduced to no greater than 6 mg/dL. The maximum approved dose is 800 mg daily.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 475