Chapter 30: Macrolides, Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, and Fluoroquinolones

Chapter 30: Macrolides, Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, and Fluoroquinolones

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse caring for a patient who will receive penicillin to treat an infection asks the patient about previous drug reactions. The patient reports having had a rash when taking amoxicillin (Amoxil). The nurse will contact the provider to

a.	discuss giving a smaller dose of penicillin.
b.	discuss using erythromycin (E-mycin) instead of penicillin.
c.	request an order for diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
d.	suggest that the patient receive cefuroxime (Ceftin).

 

 

ANS:  B

Erythromycin is the drug of choice when penicillin is not an option. Giving smaller doses of penicillin does not prevent hypersensitivity reactions. Benadryl is useful when a hypersensitivity reaction has occurred. A small percentage of patients allergic to penicillins may be hypersensitive to cephalosporins.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   Page 415

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment/Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. A patient is diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumonia. Which antibiotic will the nurse expect the provider to order to treat this infection?

a.	Azithromycin (Zithromax)
b.	Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
c.	Erythromycin (E-Mycin)
d.	Fidaxomicin (Dificid)

 

 

ANS:  C

Erythromycin is the drug of choice for treating mycoplasma pneumonia.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Remembering (Knowledge)           REF:   Page 415

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. The nurse is caring for several patients who are receiving antibiotics. Which order will the nurse question?

a.	Azithromycin (Zithromax) 500 mg IV in 500 mL fluid
b.	Azithromycin (Zithromax) 500 mg PO once daily
c.	Erythromycin 300 mg IM QID
d.	Erythromycin 300 mg PO QID

 

 

ANS:  C

Erythromycin and other macrolides should not be given intramuscularly because they cause painful tissue irritation.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   Page 415

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning/Nursing Intervention

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a high dose of intravenous azithromycin to treat an infection. The patient is also taking acetaminophen for pain. The nurse should expect to review which lab values when monitoring for this drug’s side effects?

a.	Complete blood counts
b.	Electrolytes
c.	Liver enzymes
d.	Urinalysis

 

 

ANS:  C

High doses of macrolides, when taken with other, potentially hepatotoxic drugs such as acetaminophen may cause hepatotoxicity, so liver enzymes should be carefully monitored.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   Page 417

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies