Chapter 32: Chronic Disorders of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Chapter 32: Chronic Disorders of the Lower Respiratory Tract

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A nurse assesses wheezes in a patient with asthma. What should the nurse know is the cause of wheezes?

a.	Increased thickness of respiratory secretions
b.	Use of accessory muscles of respiration
c.	Tachypnea and tachycardia
d.	Movement of air through narrowed airways

 

 

ANS:  D

Wheezes are adventitious sounds made by air passing through narrowed passages.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 598-599      OBJ:   1

TOP:   Asthma: Wheeze                             KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. A nurse is caring for a patient with asthma with a nursing diagnosis of “Impaired gas exchange, related to air trapping.” Which intervention is the most appropriate to add to the nursing care plan?

a.	Provide postural drainage.
b.	Administer oxygen (O2) at 8 L/min.
c.	Position the patient flat in bed with small pillow.
d.	Increase fluid intake.

 

 

ANS:  D

Increasing fluid intake thins the mucus in the lungs, making it easier to cough up, which helps clear the bronchioles and decrease ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Increasing O₂ is not helpful if no air pathway exists to the alveoli. Increasing O₂ to 8 L is excessive.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 603             OBJ:   3

TOP:   Asthma          KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. What is a characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that places a patient at risk for the nursing diagnosis of “Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements”?

a.	Increased metabolism
b.	Anxiety
c.	Chronic constipation
d.	Excessive respiratory effort

 

 

ANS:  D

Respiratory effort interferes with swallowing, depletes energy, and increases caloric needs.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 610             OBJ:   3

TOP:   COPD: Nutrition                             KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. Which nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

a.	Offer small, frequent meals.
b.	Encourage extra liquids with meals.
c.	Assist the patient to exercise before meals.
d.	Supply information about nutrition.

 

 

ANS:  A

Small meals are not as tiring for the patient and are more appealing.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 610             OBJ:   3

TOP:   COPD: Nutrition                             KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

5. Which walking program would be the most effective for the nurse to recommend as part of a progressive walking program for an obese patient with COPD?

a.	10 to 15 minutes a day
b.	20 to 30 minutes a day
c.	45 to 60 minutes a day
d.	Up to 2 hours a day

 

 

ANS:  A

Walking for as little as 10 to 15 minutes a day and progressing up to 45 minutes a day has proven beneficial for persons with COPD because it improves oxygenation and helps with weight loss.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 611             OBJ:   3

TOP:   Exercise for the Patient with COPD

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation