Chapter 32: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

Chapter 32: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in the home treatment of respiratory infections?

a.	They are safer.
b.	They are less expensive.
c.	Respiratory secretions are dried by steam vaporizers.
d.	A more comfortable environment is produced.

 

 

ANS:  A

Cool-mist vaporizers are safer than steam vaporizers, and little evidence exists to show any advantages to steam. The cost of cool-mist and steam vaporizers is comparable. Steam loosens secretions, not dries them. Both cool-mist vaporizers and steam vaporizers may promote a more comfortable environment, but cool-mist vaporizers have decreased risk for burns and growth of organisms.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 1229

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

 

2. Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops should include which of the following?

a.	Do not use for more than 3 days.
b.	Keep drops to use again for nasal congestion.
c.	Administer drops after feedings and at bedtime.
d.	Give two drops every 5 minutes until nasal congestion subsides.

 

 

ANS:  A

Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as Neo-Synephrine should not be used for more than 3 days to avoid rebound congestion. Drops should be discarded after one illness and not used for other children because they may become contaminated with bacteria. Drops administered before feedings are more helpful. Two drops are administered to cause vasoconstriction in the anterior mucous membranes. An additional two drops are instilled 5 to 10 minutes later for the posterior mucous membranes. No further doses should be given.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 1222

TOP:   Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant:

a.	has a cough.
b.	becomes fussy.
c.	shows signs of an earache.
d.	has a fever higher than 37.5° C (99° F).

 

 

ANS:  C

If an infant with nasopharyngitis shows signs of an earache, it may indicate respiratory complications and possibly secondary bacterial infection. The health professional should be contacted to evaluate the infant. Cough can be a sign of nasopharyngitis. Irritability is common in an infant with a viral illness. Fever is common in viral illnesses.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 1226

TOP:   Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

 

4. It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent:

a.	otitis media.
b.	diabetes insipidus (DI).
c.	nephrotic syndrome.
d.	acute rheumatic fever.

 

 

ANS:  D

Group A -hemolytic streptococcal infection is a brief illness with varying symptoms. It is essential that pharyngitis caused by this organism be treated with appropriate antibiotics to avoid the sequelae of acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. The cause of otitis media is either viral or other bacterial organisms. DI is a disorder of the posterior pituitary. Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis, not streptococcal pharyngitis, can cause DI. Glomerulonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome, can result from acute streptococcal pharyngitis.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 1226           TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies