Chapter 34: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function

Chapter 34: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Multiple Choice

 

 

 

 

1. The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse is preparing to instruct the patient on a colon preparation procedure that will include polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage prior to the procedure. What is the nurse aware of about the use of lavage solutions and when they are contraindicated?
2. A) In a patient with an inflammatory bowel disease
3. B) In a patient with polyps
4. C) In a patient with a colostomy
5. D) In a patient with colon cancer

 

Ans:  A

Chapter:  34

Client Needs:  D-1

Cognitive Level:  Application

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Nursing Process

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  993, Diagnostic Evaluation

 

Feedback:  The use of a lavage solution is contraindicated in patients with intestinal obstruction or inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with a colostomy can receive a lavage solution. Cleansing of the colon using polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage is a common procedure that precedes a colonoscopy, as a colonoscopy is the most frequently used diagnostic aid and screening device for patients with previous colon cancer or polyps.

 

 

 

 

2. The dietitian is giving an inservice to the nurses on your unit. Many of your elderly patients experience poor wound healing after surgery. The dietitian has determined that these patients require more protein in their diet. The nurses are aware that enzymes are essential in the digestion of nutrients. What is the enzyme that initiates the digestion of protein?
3. A) Pepsin
4. B) Intrinsic factor
5. C) Lipase
6. D) Amylase

 

Ans:  A

Chapter:  34

Client Needs:  D-4

Cognitive Level:  Comprehension

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Communication and Documentation

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  980, Anatomic and Physiologic Overview

 

Feedback:  The enzyme that initiates the digestion of protein is pepsin. Intrinsic factor combines with vitamin B₁₂ for absorption by the ileum.  Amylase aids in the digestion of starch, and lipase aids in the digestion of fats.

 

 

 

 

3. A patient has been brought to the emergency department with an arm injury. It is found that the patient has fractured the radius and may require surgery. The patient’s last meal was at 6:00 PM, and the surgery is held for risk of a potential aspiration.  What is the earliest time the patient could potentially have surgery?
4. A) 12:00 AM
5. B) 9:00 PM
6. C) 8:00 AM
7. D) 6:00 AM

 

Ans:  A

Chapter:  34

Client Needs:  D-4

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Difficulty:  Difficult

Integrated Process:  Nursing Process

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  982, Anatomic and Physiologic Overview

 

Feedback:  Within four of eating, residual waste material passes into the terminal ileum. Therefore options B, C, and D are incorrect.

 

 

 

 

4. The patient asks the nursing assistant for a bedpan. When the patient is finished, the nursing assistant notifies the nurse that the patient has bright red streaking of blood in the stool. What is this most likely a result of?
5. A) Diet high in red meat
6. B) Upper GI bleed
7. C) Hemorrhoids
8. D) Cancer of the large intestine

 

Ans:  C

Chapter:  34

Client Needs:  D-4

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Nursing Process

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  984, Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System

 

Feedback:  Lower rectal or anal bleeding is suspected if there is streaking of blood on the surface of the stool.  Hemorrhoids are often a cause of anal bleeding.

 

 

 

 

5. An adult patient is scheduled for an upper GI series that will use a barium swallow. What teaching should the nurse include when the patient has completed the test?
6. A) Stool will be yellow for the first 24 hours postprocedure.
7. B) The barium may cause diarrhea.
8. C) Fluids must be increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool.
9. D) This series includes analysis of gastric secretions.

 

Ans:  C

Chapter:  34

Client Needs:  D-3

Cognitive Level:  Application

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Teaching/Learning

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  989, Diagnostic Evaluation

 

Feedback:  Postprocedural patient education includes information about increasing fluid intake; evaluating bowel movements for evacuation of barium; and noting increased number of bowel movements, because barium, due to its high osmolarity, may draw fluid into the bowel, thus increasing the intraluminal contents and resulting in greater output.

The barium series does not analyze gastric secretions.