CHAPTER 34: MUSCULOSKELETAL ALTERATIONS

CHAPTER 34: MUSCULOSKELETAL ALTERATIONS

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What differences in the musculoskeletal system of children make their bones able to absorb more energy before breaking and to heal more quickly?

a.	Adults do not take in as much calcium as children do, thus their bones are weaker.
b.	Children’s bones have more cartilage and a stronger periosteum.
c.	The muscles and ligaments in adults are not as strong as those of children.
d.	Children have a better diet and take in more vitamins and minerals than adults do.

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. Calcium intake is not the most significant factor in predicting the risk for breaking a bone in the pediatric client.
B	Correct. The bones of children contain a large amount of cartilage, which makes them more porous and more flexible. This allows them to bend and buckle rather than break.
C	Incorrect. Muscle and ligament strength is not the most significant factor in predicting the risk for breaking a bone in the pediatric client.
D	Incorrect. Diet is not the most significant factor in predicting the risk for breaking a bone in the pediatric client.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 1294 – Musculoskeletal Alterations

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

2. Which of the following can be caused by a fracture that disrupts or transects the epiphyseal growth plate of a child?

a.	gigantism
b.	dwarfism
c.	increased risk of a fat emboli or bleeding into the tissues
d.	limb length discrepancy or a halt in height attainment

 

 

ANS:  D

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. A fracture that disrupts or transects the epiphyseal growth plate of a child is not associated with gigantism.
B	Incorrect. A fracture that disrupts or transects the epiphyseal growth plate of a child is not associated with dwarfism.
C	Incorrect. A fracture that disrupts or transects the epiphyseal growth plate of a child is not associated with increased risk for fat emboli or bleeding into the tissues.
D	Correct. Because children have an epiphyseal plate at the end of the long bones, a fracture that disrupts or transects this plate may interfere with the growth of the bone and lead to limb length discrepancies or a halt in height attainment.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 1294 – Musculoskeletal Alterations

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

3. Where is fat stored in bones?

a.	surrounding the epiphyseal growth plate
b.	in the gray marrow of the medullary cavity
c.	in the yellow marrow of the medullary cavity
d.	in the metaphysis section of the bone

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. Fat is not stored in the epiphyseal growth plate.
B	Incorrect. Fat is not stored in gray matter of the medullary cavity.
C	Correct. Fat is stored in the yellow marrow of the medullary cavity in the bones.
D	Incorrect. Fat is not stored in the metaphysis section of the bone.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 1294 – Musculoskeletal Alterations

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

4. Where does hematopoiesis occur in bones?

a.	in the red marrow of the medullary cavity of the bone
b.	in the proximal epiphysis
c.	in the gray marrow of the medullary cavity of the bone
d.	in the distal epiphysis

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct. Hematopoiesis occurs in the red marrow of the medullary cavity of the bone
B	Incorrect. Hematopoiesis does not occur in the proximal epiphysis.
C	Incorrect. Hematopoiesis does not occur in the gray matter of the medullary cavity.
D	Incorrect. Hematopoiesis does not occur in the distal epiphysis.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 1294 – Musculoskeletal Alterations

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

5. Growth hormone is produced in the:

a.	posterior lobe of the pituitary	c.	thalamus
b.	anterior lobe of the pituitary	d.	hypothalamus

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. Growth hormone is not produced in the posterior lobe of the pituitary.
B	Correct. Growth hormone is produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary.
C	Incorrect. Growth hormone is not produced in the thalamus.
D	Incorrect. Growth hormone is not produced in the hypothalamus.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 1295 – Anatomy and Physiology

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension