Chapter 37: Care of Patients with Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal Disorders

Chapter 37: Care of Patients with Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal Disorders

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Although benign, the pituitary adenoma antagonizes insulin, which would cause:

a.	hyperinsulinism.
b.	hyperglycemia.
c.	hypopituitarism.
d.	hypoglycemia.

 

 

ANS:  B

The tumor interferes with the effectiveness of insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   834                OBJ:   1 (clinical)

TOP:   Pituitary Tumor: Effects                  KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. A patient who had a hypophysectomy 3 days ago begins to have 3000 mL of urine output every shift and complains of thirst and a dry mouth. The nurse interprets these signs as possible:

a.	overreaction to diuretics.
b.	diabetes insipidus.
c.	diabetes mellitus.
d.	glucose intolerance.

 

 

ANS:  B

Diabetes insipidus is a complication of a hypophysectomy. The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland controls urinary output; when this portion of the pituitary is removed or damaged, there is no secretion of antidiuretic hormone to stop excessive urine output.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   834                OBJ:   4 (clinical)

TOP:   Hypophysectomy: Complication      KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

3. The nurse is aware that the patient has central diabetes insipidus because the disease was the result of the patient’s having:

a.	brain surgery to remove a tumor.
b.	a kidney disorder.
c.	habitually consumed excessive amounts of water.
d.	a thyroid disorder.

 

 

ANS:  A

Central diabetes insipidus is caused by insult to the pituitary by brain injury or invasive surgery.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   835                OBJ:   6 (clinical)

TOP:   Diabetes Insipidus: Central Type      KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. The nurse is aware that the severe dehydration associated with diabetes insipidus can lead to the serious electrolyte imbalance of:

a.	hypercalcemia.
b.	hypernatremia.
c.	hypocalcemia.
d.	hyperkalemia.

 

 

ANS:  B

The loss of potassium in the large volume of urine depletes the compensatory mechanisms and hypernatremia results.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   838                OBJ:   6 (clinical)

TOP:   Diabetes Insipidus: Complication     KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation