Chapter 37: Vascular Disorders

Chapter 37: Vascular Disorders

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. When discussing risk factor modification for a patient who has a 5-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm, the nurse will focus teaching on which patient risk factor?

a.	Male gender	c.	Abdominal trauma history
b.	Turner syndrome	d.	Uncontrolled hypertension

 

 

ANS:  D

All of the factors contribute to the patient’s risk, but only hypertension can potentially be modified to decrease the patient’s risk for further expansion of the aneurysm.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               810

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

2. A patient has a 6-cm thoracic aortic aneurysm that was discovered during routine chest x-ray. When obtaining an admission history from the patient, it will be most important for the nurse to ask about

a.	low back pain.	c.	abdominal tenderness.
b.	trouble swallowing.	d.	changes in bowel habits.

 

 

ANS:  B

Difficulty swallowing may occur with a thoracic aneurysm because of pressure on the esophagus. The other symptoms will be important to assess for in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyze (analysis)                                  REF:   810

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

3. Several hours after a patient had an open surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, the UAP reports to the nurse that urinary output for the past 2 hours has been 45 mL. The nurse notifies the health care provider and anticipates an order for a(n)

a.	hemoglobin count.	c.	serum creatinine level.
b.	additional antibiotic.	d.	increased IV infusion rate.

 

 

ANS:  D

The decreased urine output suggests decreased renal perfusion and monitoring of renal function is needed. There is no indication that infection is a concern, so antibiotic therapy and a WBC count are not needed. The IV rate may be increased because hypovolemia may be contributing to the patient’s decreased urinary output.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               811

TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning               MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

4. A patient in the outpatient clinic has a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which group of drugs will the nurse plan to include when teaching about PAD management?

a.	Statins	c.	Thrombolytics
b.	Antibiotics	d.	Anticoagulants

 

 

ANS:  A

Research indicates that statin use by patients with PAD improves multiple outcomes. There is no research that supports the use of the other drug categories in PAD.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               805

TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning               MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

5. An older patient with chronic atrial fibrillation develops sudden severe pain, pulselessness, pallor, and coolness in the right leg. The nurse should notify the health care provider and immediately

a.	apply a compression stocking to the leg.
b.	elevate the leg above the level of the heart.
c.	assist the patient in gently exercising the leg.
d.	keep the patient in bed in the supine position.

 

 

ANS:  D

The patient’s history and clinical manifestations are consistent with acute arterial occlusion, and resting the leg will decrease the O₂ demand of the tissues and minimize ischemic damage until circulation can be restored. Elevating the leg or applying an elastic wrap will further compromise blood flow to the leg. Exercise will increase oxygen demand for the tissues of the leg.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               808

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity