Chapter 37: Vascular Disorders

Chapter 37: Vascular Disorders

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What is a normal age-related change in older adults that makes them susceptible to cardiovascular disease?

a.	Increase in cardiac output
b.	Increase in stroke volume
c.	Stiff peripheral vessels
d.	Oxygen capacity improvement

 

 

ANS:  C

As adults age, their peripheral vessels become stiff, their oxygen capacity and stroke volume are reduced, and their aorta thickens and calcifies.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   p. 740             OBJ:   1

TOP:   Changes in Older Adults                  KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

2. What should a nurse ask a patient related to past history of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and other vascular problems?

a.	An aneurysm
b.	Rheumatoid arthritis
c.	A peptic ulcer
d.	Recurring chest pain

 

 

ANS:  D

Pain in the chest or dyspnea suggests that a pulmonary embolism may have occurred from the presence of a DVT. Approximately 10% of individuals with DVT develop pulmonary emboli.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 741             OBJ:   4

TOP:   Venous Disorders                            KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

3. A 69-year-old patient reports a burning, aching pain in the legs when walking to the mailbox. These symptoms are relieved with rest. What should the nurse suspect?

a.	Venous insufficiency
b.	Claudication
c.	Phlebitis
d.	Rest pain

 

 

ANS:  B

Arterial vascular disorders that produce pain with activity are defined as claudication, which is the result of ischemia of the tissues caused by a lack of adequate perfusion.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 741             OBJ:   4

TOP:   Claudication   KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

4. A nurse records the assessment of stasis dermatitis on an intake assessment for a patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD). What is the best way to describe this finding?

a.	Brownish skin discoloration on the lower legs
b.	Ulceration on medial surface of the lower legs
c.	Edema in the lower legs
d.	Purple rash on medial surface of the lower legs

 

 

ANS:  A

Stasis dermatitis is a brownish skin discoloration on the lower legs, which is indicative of venous stasis.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 742             OBJ:   2

TOP:   Vascular Disorders                          KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

5. A nurse assesses a patient’s capillary refill time as less than 3 seconds. What does this assessment indicate?

a.	Hypertension
b.	Tissue perfusion
c.	Excess fluid volume
d.	Increased blood viscosity

 

 

ANS:  B

Capillary refill is determined by compressing the nail bed until it blanches. With a normal capillary refill, color returns to the blanched skin within 3 seconds.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 742             OBJ:   2

TOP:   Capillary Refill                               KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease