Chapter 38: Liver Diseases

Chapter 38: Liver Diseases

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Jaundice is a common manifestation of
a. malabsorption syndromes.
b. anemia.
c. liver disease.
d. cholecystitis.
ANS: C
Jaundice results from impaired bilirubin metabolism and is one of the most characteristic signs of liver disease. Malabsorption
syndromes are not manifested by jaundice. Anemia is not manifested by jaundice. Jaundice is not a common manifestation of
cholecystitis.
REF: Pg. 756
2. Pathophysiologically, esophageal varices can be attributed to
a. elevated bilirubin.
b. diminished protein metabolism.
c. fluid accumulation.
d. portal hypertension.
ANS: D
Esophageal varices result mainly from portal hypertension, which in Western society is generally the result of cirrhosis due to the
chronic effects of alcoholism or viral hepatitis. Elevated bilirubin is not attributed to esophageal varices. Diminished protein
metabolism does not contribute to esophageal varices. Increased vascular resistance in the liver plays a prominent role in the
formation of variceal esophageal veins.
REF: Pg. 759
3. Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to
a. hepatitis vaccine.
b. feces.
c. blood or semen.
d. contaminated food.
ANS: C
Hepatitis B virus is highly prevalent worldwide. It is spread by parenteral contact with infected blood or blood products, including
contaminated needles. HBV vaccine is a recombinant vaccine that is highly immunogenic. After the full course, the antibody
response rate is 95% for normal hosts. Hepatitis A is spread by the fecal-oral route. Hepatitis E is spread through contaminated
water.
REF: Pg. 768
4. Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with
a. hyperbilirubinemia.
b. hyperuricemia.
c. toxic effects of alcohol on brain cells.
d. increased blood ammonia levels.
ANS: D
Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with liver failure or liver disease. It is positively correlated with elevated arterial ammonia
levels. Hyperbilirubinemia is not related to hepatic encephalopathy but is associated with hypokalemia, hyponatremia, alkalosis,
hypoxia, and hypercarbia. Hyperuricemia is not associated with hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatic encephalopathy is a complex
neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by symptoms ranging from mild confusion and lethargy to stupor and coma.