Essentials Of Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered States 4th Edition By Porth
Essentials Of Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered States 4th Edition By Porth
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Chapter 39- Disorders of the Male Genitourinary System
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | Which of the following physiologic processes results from the synthesis and release of testosterone? | |
| A) | Protein catabolism | |
| B) | Musculoskeletal growth | |
| C) | Release of luteinizing hormone (LH) | |
| D) | Prostatic hyperplasia | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Among the numerous effects of testosterone are the promotion of musculoskeletal growth in particular and protein anabolism in general. LH and FSH precede the synthesis and release of testosterone, whereas prostatic hyperplasia is not a normal effect of testosterone. | ||
| 2. | A 41-year-old male client is planning on having a vasectomy. While explaining this surgery to the client, the health care worker will include which physiologic principle as the basis for this contraception technique? | |
| A) | “Spermatogenesis is inhibited because sex hormones no longer stimulate the Sertoli cells.” | |
| B) | “Spermatozoa can no longer reach the epididymis and do not survive.” | |
| C) | “The rete testis becomes inhospitable to sperm.” | |
| D) | “Sperm can no longer pass through the ductus deferens.” | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| When the male ejaculates, the smooth muscle in the wall of the epididymis contracts vigorously, moving sperm into the next segment of the ductal system, the ductus deferens, also called the vas deferens. A vasectomy severs this conduit, rendering the male effectively infertile within a few weeks of the procedure. The procedure has no hormonal effect and neither the epididymis nor the rete testis is altered. | ||
| 3. | A client has been diagnosed with an anterior pituitary tumor, and synthesis and release of follicle-stimulating hormone has become deranged. What are the potential consequences of this alteration in endocrine function? | |
| A) | Dysfunction of spermatogenesis | |
| B) | Overproduction of luteinizing hormone | |
| C) | Inhibition of testosterone synthesis | |
| D) | Impaired detumescence | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Two gonadotropic hormones are secreted by the pituitary gland: FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH). In the male, LH also is called interstitial cell–stimulating hormone. The production of testosterone by the interstitial cells of Leydig is regulated by LH. FSH binds selectively to Sertoli cells surrounding the seminiferous tubules, where it functions in the initiation of spermatogenesis. FSH does not directly affect the production of LH, since both are produced by the anterior pituitary. FSH does not stimulate testosterone synthesis, and impaired detumescence is unlikely to be a direct consequence of changes in FSH synthesis and release. | ||
| 4. | While discussing the physiological process behind penile erection, the anatomy and physiology instructor mentions that what substance is released to facilitate smooth muscle relaxation and shunting of blood into the sinusoids? | |
| A) | Norepinephrine | |
| B) | Nitroglycerine | |
| C) | Nitric oxide | |
| D) | Nicotinic acid | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Parasympathetic innervation must be intact and nitric oxide synthesis must be active for erection to occur. Parasympathetic stimulation results in release of nitric oxide, a nonadrenergic–noncholinergic neurotransmitter, which causes relaxation of the trabecular smooth muscle of the corpora cavernosa. This relaxation permits inflow of blood into the sinuses of the cavernosa at pressures approaching those of the arterial system. The nicotinic acid in cigarette smoke can induce vasoconstriction and penile venous leakage because of its effects on cavernous smooth muscle. Nitroglycerine is a vasodilator that has no effect on trabecular smooth muscle. A norepinephrine action is vasoconstriction, rather than relaxation, as part of sympathetic nervous system response. | ||
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