Chapter 4: Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Chapter 4: Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. An increase in organ size and function due to increased workload is termed

ANS:  B

Increased function of an organ such as the heart or skeletal muscle results in organ hypertrophy due to cellular enlargement. Atrophy refers to reduction in size of an organ due to cellular shrinkage. Metaplasia refers to replacement of one differentiated cell type with another. Inflammation results from immune response rather than workload.

REF:   Pg. 61

2. Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular

ANS:  B

Apoptosis results in death of a cell when it is no longer needed. Atrophy refers to reduction in size of an organ due to cellular shrinkage. Proliferation refers to growth of new cells. Mutation refers to alteration in the genetic structure of cellular DNA.

REF:   Pg. 64

3. All these cellular responses are potentially reversible except

ANS:  A

Necrosis refers to death of cells/tissue and is not reversible. Metaplasia refers to the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another from persistent injury and is reversible when the injury stops. Atrophy occurs due to lack of use of an organ and is reversible. Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells from increased physiologic demands or hormonal stimulation and is reversible.

REF:   Pg. 62

4. Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis.

ANS:  C

Liquefactive necrosis is produced when brain tissue dies, as it is rich in enzymes and has little connective tissue. Coagulative necrosis occurs from ischemic injury in any tissue. Caseous necrosis occurs in lung tissue damaged by tuberculosis. Fat necrosis occurs in adipose (fat) tissue.

REF:   Pg. 64