Chapter 4 Conception and Fetal Development

Chapter 4   Conception and Fetal Development

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

1) The nurse is explaining the difference between meiosis and mitosis. Which statement does the nurse include? Select all that apply.

1. Meiosis is the division of a cell into two exact copies of the original cell.
2. Mitosis is the splitting of one cell into two, each with half the chromosomes of the original cell.
3. Meiosis is the process by which gametes, or the sperm and ova, are formed.
4. Mitosis occurs in most of the cells of the body.
5. Meiotic division leads to cells that halve the original genetic material.

Answer:  3, 5

Explanation:  1. Meiosis creates two cells that have half of the chromosomes of the original cell.

2. Mitosis creates two cells that are exact copies of the original cell.
3. Both sperm and ova are created through meiosis.
4. Mitosis is how the majority of cells reproduce so that the new cells have the same structure and function as the original. Meiosis only occurs in gametes.
5. Meiosis creates two cells that have half of the chromosomes of the original cell.

Page Ref: 42, 43

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need&Sub:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Standards:  QSEN Competencies: Patient-centered care | AACN Essential Competencies: Essential I: Liberal education for Baccalaureate generalist nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Human flourishing | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning/Health teaching and health promotion

Learning Outcome:  LO 4.1-Differentiate between meiotic cellular division and mitotic cellular division.

MNL LO:  Analyze the components of the fertilization process.

 

2) The nurse has completed a presentation on reproduction. Which participants statement indicates that the teaching has been successful?

1. “A male is born with all the sperm he will ever produce.”
2. “Females create new ova throughout their reproductive life.”
3. “Ova separate into two unequally sized cells.”
4. “Each primary spermatocyte divides into four haploid cells.”

Answer:  3

Explanation:  1. Males begin spermatogenesis at puberty and continue throughout their life. Each sperm divides into four haploid cells.

2. Females are born with all the ova they will ever produce. The ova begin to be formed in early fetal life. One ovum is released each month during the reproductive life of a female, from menarche to menopause.
3. Each ovum undergoes meiotic division just prior to being released from the graafian follicle. Each cell created by this meiosis has the same number of chromosomes, but the cytoplasm does not split equally. This causes a polar body to be produced along with a secondary oocyte.
4. Primary spermatocytes contain 46 chromosomes (46XY). Each primary spermatocyte undergoes meiotic division into two haploid secondary spermatocytes (22X or 22Y). Haploid cells each contain half of the genetic material of the original cell. Then each secondary spermatocyte undergoes a second meiotic division into two haploid spermatids (remaining either 22X or 22Y.) Spermatids mature into spermatozoa. Thus, a primary spermatocyte eventually becomes four haploid spermatozoa.

Page Ref: 43, 44

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need&Sub:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Standards:  QSEN Competencies: Patient-centered care | AACN Essential Competencies: Essential VII: Clinical prevention and population health | NLN Competencies: Professional identity | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation/Health teaching and health promotion

Learning Outcome:  LO 4.2-Compare the processes by which ova and sperm are produced.

MNL LO:  Analyze the components of the fertilization process.

 

3) After teaching a class about the female reproductive system, the nurse asks the attendees to describe the process of meiosis. Which student response suggests successful comprehension of the material?

1. “Completion of the second meiotic division results in formation of three polar bodies and one ovum.”
2. “At the time of ovulation, the first meiotic division begins.”
3. “Completion of the first meiotic division produces three polar bodies and one primary oocyte.”
4. “At the time of puberty, the second meiotic division begins.”

Answer:  1

Explanation:  1. Completion of the second meiotic division produces three polar bodies and one ovum.

2. The first meiotic division of oocytes begins before the female fetus is born.
3. Completion of the first meiotic division produces one polar body and one secondary oocyte.
4. The second meiotic division begins at the time of ovulation.

Page Ref: 43

Cognitive Level:  Understanding

Client Need&Sub:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Standards:  QSEN Competencies: Patient-centered care | AACN Essential Competencies: Essential VII: Clinical prevention and population health | NLN Competencies: Professional identity | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation/Health teaching and health promotion

Learning Outcome:  LO 4.2-Compare the processes by which ova and sperm are produced.

MNL LO:  Analyze the components of the fertilization process.

 

 

4) You are counseling a young woman regarding contraception. When asked if she currently uses any form of contraception, she replies, “I can’t get pregnant because I don’t have intercourse on the day I ovulate.” Based upon her response, what information should you include in your teaching?

1. Refrain from intercourse on the day of ovulation will effectively prevent pregnancy.
2. Sperm are believed to be healthy and highly fertile for at least five days.
3. After ovulation, ova are considered fertile for about 72 to 96 hours.
4. Sperm survive 48 to 72 hours in the female reproductive tract.

Answer:  4

Explanation:  1. Because sperm survive 48 to 72 hours in the female reproductive tract, avoidance of intercourse for 24 hours will not reliably prevent pregnancy from occurring.

2. Sperm are believed to be most fertile for the first 24 hours following entry into the female reproductive tract.
3. Ova are considered fertile for about 12 to 24 hours after ovulation.
4. Sperm survive 48 to 72 hours in the female reproductive tract.

Page Ref: 44, 45

Cognitive Level:  Understanding

Client Need&Sub:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Standards:  QSEN Competencies: Patient-centered care | AACN Essential Competencies: Essential VII: Clinical prevention and population health | NLN Competencies: Human flourishing | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning/Health teaching and health promotion

Learning Outcome:  LO 4.3-Analyze the components of the fertilization process and how each may impact fertilization.

MNL LO:  Compare advantages, disadvantages, risk factors, and contraindications of contraception methods.

 

5) When evaluating information taught about conception and fetal development, the patient verbalizes understanding about transportation time of the zygote through the fallopian tube and into the cavity of the uterus with which statement?

1. “It will take at least three days for the egg to reach the uterus.”
2. “It will take eight days for the egg to reach the uterus.”
3. “It will only take 12 hours for the egg to go through the fallopian tube.”
4. “It will take 18 hours for the fertilized egg to implant in the uterus.”

Answer:  1

Explanation:  1. It takes at least three days for the egg to reach the uterus.

2. “It will take eight days for the egg to reach the uterus” is an incorrect interpretation of the information on conception.
3. “It will only take 12 hours for the egg to go through the fallopian tube” is an incorrect interpretation of the information on conception.
4. “It will take 18 hours for the fertilized egg to implant in the uterus” is an incorrect interpretation of the information on conception.

Page Ref: 46, 47

Cognitive Level:  Understanding

Client Need&Sub:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Standards:  QSEN Competencies: Patient-centered care | AACN Essential Competencies: Essential VII: Clinical prevention and population health | NLN Competencies: Human flourishing | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation/Health teaching and health promotion

Learning Outcome:  LO 4.3-Analyze the components of the fertilization process and how each may impact fertilization.

MNL LO:  Compare the different stages and factors influencing embryonic and fetal organ system development.