Community & Public Health Nursing Promoting the Public's Health 8th ed by Allender, Judith
Community & Public Health Nursing Promoting the Public's Health 8th ed by Allender, Judith
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Chapter 4, Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a class comparing evidence-based practice and critical thinking. Which of the following would the instructor include? | |
| A) | Evidence-based practice and critical thinking are polar opposites. | |
| B) | Both involve problem clarification of central concepts. | |
| C) | Interpretation of accumulated evidence is unique to evidence-based practice. | |
| D) | Problem exploration is unique to evidence-based practice. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Evidence-based practice and critical thinking share commonalities including exploring a problem, addressing a purpose or goal, making assumptions, clarifying the problem around central concepts or indicators, accessing data, interpreting accumulated evidence, using reasoning, processing, defining, planning and documenting, acting on the problem, and evaluating, adjusting, generalizing, and applying to a broader problem set. In addition, critical thinking is an important component of evidence-based practice. | ||
| 2. | According to the Institute of Medicine’s landmark report, The Future of Nursing, nurses should: Select all that apply. | |
| A) | work independently from other health professionals to promote the profession of nursing. | |
| B) | work collaboratively with other health professionals to promote health care. | |
| C) | attempt to redesign health care. | |
| D) | improve practices through evidence-based means. | |
| E) | The Future of Nursing report does not express the importance of evidence-based nursing. | |
| Ans: | B, C, D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The Future of Nursing highlights the need for nursing to work with other health professionals in “redesigning health care” by “conducting research” and improving practices through evidence-based means. | ||
| 3. | Which of the following statements about evidence-based practice has been identified by multiple reports over the past decade, such as To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (2000), Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century (2001), and Priority Areas for National Action: Transforming Health Care Quality (2003)? | |
| A) | We must continue to cling to “the way we’ve always done it.” | |
| B) | We have spent billions of dollars each year researching new treatments and have translated that knowledge into clinical practice. | |
| C) | We are not translating the knowledge that we are gaining into clinical practice. | |
| D) | We have continued to spend more than a trillion dollars a year providing care and do translate that capacity into improved clinical practice. | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (2000), Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century (2001), and Priority Areas for National Action: Transforming Health Care Quality (2003). These reports draw attention to the fact that we spend billions of dollars each year researching new treatments, and more than a trillion dollars are spent annually on health care, but “we repeatedly fail to translate that knowledge and capacity into clinical practice.” | ||
| 4. | Which of the following statements about the steps of the EBP process is most accurate? | |
| A) | One of the last steps of the EPB process is to search for and collect the most relevant best evidence. | |
| B) | One of the earliest steps in the EBP process is to disseminate the outcomes of the EBP decision or change. | |
| C) | It is optional to integrate the best evidence with one’s clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making a practice decision or change. | |
| D) | The first step in the EBP process is to cultivate a spirit of inquiry. | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The steps of the EBP process in order are cultivating a spirit of inquiry; asking the burning question in PICOT format; searching for and collecting the most relevant best evidence; critically appraising the evidence for its validity, reliability, and applicability and then synthesizing that evidence; integrating the best evidence with one’s clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making a practice decision or change; evaluating outcomes of the practice decision or change based on evidence; and disseminating the outcomes of the EBP decision or change. | ||
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